Figure 4.

Tumescence of skin flaps. For select patients, tumescence and hydrodissection of skin planes can facilitate ablative surgery. (A) A 58-year-old woman with previous mastopexy. Previous nipple sparing mastectomies, or prepectoral implant placement with thin skin flaps also benefit from hydrodissection (B) which allows for a sharp dissection of tissue and (C) minimal compromise of vascularity. Tumescence should be placed just into the subcutaneous plane and not within the breast parenchyma or directly into the capsule.