Table 3.
Summary of articles related to the effect of appropriate heel height among females.
| Number | Participant characteristics (mean ± standard deviation) | Shoe condition | Walking speed (cm/s) | Variables measured | Purpose | Main findings | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Age (years) | Height (m) | Weight (kg) | HBS (cm2) | Height of heel (cm) | |||||
| 1 | 15 | 22.40 ± 2.56 | 1.63 ± 0.04 | 59.07 ± 5.15 | 5.3 | 0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 | 0% Ffcwh +20% Ffcwh -20% Ffcwh |
(i) SL | To determine the comfort heel height for the shoe | (i) The comfort heel height was 4.13 cm ± 0.34 |
| (ii) DStP | ||||||||||
| (iii) DSwP | ||||||||||
| (iv) Gait ratio | ||||||||||
| (v) Heart rate | ||||||||||
| 2 | 15 | 20.90 ± 1.30 | 1.60 ± 3.30 | 52.10 ± 5.0 | — | 0.5, 4, 9 | 1.17 | (i) Foot pressure | To determine the most appropriate height for shoe heels | (i) The distribution of foot pressure and COP did not change significantly in 4 cm heel height after walking |
| (ii) COP | (ii) 4 cm heel height was preferable for health and comfort | |||||||||
Note: Ffcwh: step frequency freely chosen in shoes without heel; SL: stride length; DStP: duration of the stance phase; DSwP: swing phase; COP: central of pressure.