Table 1.
Demographic, clinical, and echocardiographic characteristics
| Variables | Patients (n = 374) |
|---|---|
| Age (y), mean ± SD | 63.4 ± 12.7 |
| Female, n (%) | 93 (25) |
| Type of atrial fibrillation, n (%) | |
| Paroxysmal | 180 (48) |
| Persistent | 105 (28) |
| Permanent | 57 (15) |
| Unspecified | 32 (9) |
| CHF, n (%) | 93 (25) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 222 (59) |
| Age ≥ 75, n (%) | 70 (19) |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 51 (14) |
| Prior stroke/TIA, n (%) | 55 (15) |
| Vascular disease, n (%) | 97 (27) |
| Age 65-74, n (%) | 100 (27) |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score, mean ± SD | 2.4 ± 2.0 |
| Score 0, n (%) | 57 (16) |
| Score 1, n (%) | 96 (26) |
| Score 2-6, n (%) | 196 (54) |
| Score > 6, n (%) | 14 (4) |
| Spontaneous echocardiographic contrast (SEC), n (%) | 200 (54) |
| Mild | 96 (26) |
| Moderate | 70 (19) |
| Severe | 34 (9) |
| Left atrium appendage thrombus (LAAT), n (%) | 19 (5) |
| Left atrium appendage emptying velocity (cm/s), mean ± SD | 46.9 ± 25.2 |
| ≥ 75, n (%) | 52 (17) |
| 50-74, n (%) | 81 (26) |
| 26-49, n (%) | 96 (31) |
| ≤ 25, n (%) | 78 (25) |
| Left atrium volume index (cm/m2), mean ± SD | 43.3 ± 16.6 |
| > 60, n (%) | 44 (14) |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction, mean ± SD | 54.8 ± 11.6 |
| < 40%, n (%) | 40 (11) |
| Any atheromas of aorta, n (%) | 237 (65) |
| Simple | 209 (57) |
| Severe | 28 (8) |
| VWF activity (IU/dL) | |
| Mean (SD) | 145.9 (51.5) |
| Median (min, max) | 136.8 (49.2, 375.2) |
| VWF antigen (IU/dL) | |
| Mean (SD) | 159.6 (53.4) |
| Median (min, max) | 155.0 (49.0, 399.0) |
| VWF activity/antigen concentration ratio | |
| Mean (SD) | 0.9 (0.1) |
| Median (min, max) | 0.9 (0.6, 1.5) |
| ADAMTS13 activity | |
| Mean (SD) | 115.8 (46.0) |
| Median (min, max) | 109.3 (30.7, 289.3) |
ADAMTS13, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13; CHA2DS2-VASc, Congestive Heart Failure, Hypertension, Age (≥75 years), Diabetes, Stroke/Transient Ischemic Attack, Vascular Disease, Age (65-74 years), Sex (Female); CHF, congestive heart failure; SD, standard deviation; TIA, transient ischemic attack; VWF, Von Willebrand factor.