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. 2019 Nov 11;26(4):1286–1298. doi: 10.1038/s41380-019-0558-2

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Comparison of PRS between FAM and CC samples. Married-in family members were excluded from these analyses. The plots show one-sided p-values, following the hypothesis that family members have higher PRS than individuals from the CC samples. All PRS have been normalised using Z-score standardisation. a, b Comparison of FAM_BD cases to CC_controls. a FAM_BD cases had higher BD PRS across all ten p_PRS thresholds. The plot shows odds ratios (OR, y-axis, filled circles) and 95% confidence intervals (CI); p_PRS thresholds are shown on the x-axis. Results for each threshold are coloured by their degree of significance (one-sided p-values): red = not significant, orange = nominally significant, green = significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing (α = 0.05/60 = 0.00083). The top-associated PRS (p_PRS = 0.1) is indicated in bold font and was marked by a magenta circle (also in b). b For ten different PRS, this plot shows association statistics for the top-associated p_PRS thresholds. The x-axis shows ORs. BD, SCZ, MDD: Standard PRS using the respective PGC GWAS summary statistics. Shared: Shared psychiatric PRS (SNPs with BD, MDD, SCZ p < 0.05, random-effects meta-analysis). BD-SCZ, BD-MDD: BD-specific GWIS PRS corrected for SCZ and MDD, respectively. SCZ-BD and MDD-BD: GWIS PRS for SCZ and MDD, each corrected for BD. LOAD: PRS for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease. Simulated: Mean and CI of the 10,000 simulated PRS at the p_PRS with the lowest mean association p-value of all simulated PRS. The column to the left of the plot: p_PRS with the strongest association. Supplementary Fig. S2 shows plots for all p_PRS. Column to the right: p_one-sided = one-sided p-value. For full association test statistics, see Supplementary Table S3. Bonferroni = significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing; nominal = nominally significant (p < 0.05); n.s. = not significant. c, d Comparison of FAM_BD cases and unrelated CC_BD cases. See Supplementary Fig. S3 and Table S4 for more detailed plots and full association test statistics. e, f Comparison of FAM_unaffected and CC_controls. See Supplementary Fig. S4 and Table S5 for more detailed plots and full association test statistics