Fig. 3. The performance of Recurrent-MZ using fluorescence nanobeads.

a Volumetric imaging using Recurrent-MZ (M = 3) and Deep-Z on 50 nm fluorescence nanobeads. There are 3 input images for Recurrent-MZ (M = 3) and to provide a fair comparison, Deep-Z always takes in the nearest input image among these 3 inputs to infer another axial plane. The PSFs generated by Recurrent-MZ, Deep-Z and mechanical scanning (Δz = 0.1 μm) are shown for comparison. b FWHM histograms for 88 individual isolated fluorescence nanobeads at z = 5.1 μm, measured from mechanical scanning (101 axial images), Deep-Z reconstruction and Recurrent-MZ reconstruction (M = 3). Also see Video S2