Table 3.
Odds of Death and Discharge to Rehabilitation by Patient and Center Characteristics
| Variable | OR of Death (95% CI) | OR of In-Hospital Death (95% CI) | OR of Discharge to Rehabilitation (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATC‡ | 4.19 (1.30, 13.51) | 6.61 (2.51, 17.36) | 1.31 (0.64, 2.66) |
| MTC‡ | 6.68 (2.03, 21.99) | 10.34 (3.82, 27.99) | 1.51 (0.72, 3.20) |
| Level II | 0.76 (0.59, 0.99) | 0.80 (0.61, 1.05) | 1.24 (0.91, 1.69) |
| Male | 1.03 (0.80, 1.33) | 1.04 (0.79, 1.37) | 0.78 (0.66, 0.91) |
| Transferred | 0.41(0.32, 0.53) | 0.51 (0.40, 0.65) | 0.84 (0.73, 0.98) |
| Systolic blood pressure <90 | 10.61(7.74, 14.55) | 5.36 (3.83, 7.51) | 1.08 (0.68, 1.70) |
| GCS | |||
| GCS motor score=1 | 93.1 (58.99, 147.04) | 54.38 (35.33, 83.70) | 10.04 (8.14, 12.39) |
| GCS motor score =2 | 48.47 (24.41, 96.25) | 41.22 (22.06, 77.03) | 8.50 (4.20, 17.21) |
| GCS motor score =3 | 37.41 (17.83, 78.48) | 31.50 (16.05, 61.82) | 11.46 (5.73, 22.94) |
| GCS motor score =4 | 9.88 (4.92, 19.86) | 7.79 (3.92, 15.50) | 10.22 (7.17, 14.57) |
| GCS motor score =5 | 4.08 (1.92, 8.70) | 3.74 (1.75, 8.02) | 4.47 (3.43, 5.82) |
| AIS | |||
| Head AIS ≥3 | 3.67 (2.80, 4.82) | 6.38 (4.68, 8.69) | 4.73 (3.97, 5.64) |
| Face AIS ≥3 | 1.42 (0.30, 6.85) | 1.68 (0.41, 6.90) | 0.909 (0.18, 4.51) |
| Neck AIS ≥3 | 1.27 (0.41, 3.90) | 1.78 (0.62, 5.09) | 0.73 (0.24, 2.22) |
| Thorax AIS ≥3 | 1.81 (1.44, 2.29) | 1.89 (1.49, 2.40) | 2.11 (1.79, 2.48) |
| Abdomen AIS ≥3 | 2.47 (1.82, 3.34) | 3.38 (2.46, 4.65) | 1.24 (0.96, 1.61) |
| Spine AIS ≥3 | 1.68 (0.96, 2.97) | 2.30 (1.26, 4.20) | 53.68 (39.15, 73.59) |
| Upper extremities AIS ≥3 | 0.83 (0.47, 1.45) | 0.66 (0.32, 1.38) | 1.82 (1.24, 2.68) |
| Low extremities AIS ≥3 | 1.08 (0.77, 1.51) | 1.20 (0.84, 1.72) | 4.97 (4.18, 5.92) |
| Blunt injury type | 0.18 (0.80, 1.33) | 0.12 (0.08, 0.18) | 0.45 (0.30, 0.66) |
| Mechanism of injury†† | |||
| Motor vehicle occupant | 1.04 (0.73, 1.48) | 0.93 (0.65, 1.34) | 1.98 (1.61, 2.43) |
| Fall | 0.49 (0.27, 0.88) | 0.49 (0.26, 0.95) | 1.75 (1.37, 2.25) |
| Firearm | 2.15 (0.29, 16.2) | *** | 0.84 (0.56, 1.28) |
| Cut/pierce | 0.39 (0.05, 2.83) | *** | *** |
| Pedestrian | 1.65 (1.03, 2.64) | 1.58 (0.97, 2.59) | 2.31 (1.72, 3.09) |
| Motorcyclist | 1.42 (0.79, 2.56) | 1.31 (0.64, 2.68) | 2.48 (1.77, 3.48) |
OR, Odds Ratio; CI, confidence interval; GCS, Glasgow Coma Score; AIS, Abbreviated Injury Scale; ATC, adult trauma center; PTC, pediatric trauma center; MTC, mixed trauma center
***
Variable not included because of colinearity with injury type reference group: GCS motor=6; reference group: AIS <3 for that body region;
†
reference group: penetrating injury;
††
reference group: all other injuries;
‡
reference group: PTC