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. 2021 Mar 22;78(5):1–10. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.0306

Table 1. Demographic Information for the 11 677 ABCD Study Participants Who Had Interpretable Baseline Imaginga.

Variable No. (%) [adjusted %]b P valuec Adjusted P valuec
Category 1 Category 2 Categories 3 and 4
Total 9213 (79.0) [78.8] 2013 (17.2) [17.2] 451 (3.8) [4.0]
Boys 4756 (51.6) [50.6] 1107 (55.0) [54.1] 224 (49.8) [49.7] .04 .12
Age, mean (SD), y 9.9 (0.62) 9.9 (0.63) 9.9 (0.62) .46 .41
Household annual income (%, adjusted %), $
<50 000 2491 (29.6) [39.1] 542 (29.1) [38.4] 114 (27.6) [37.9] .60 .75
≥50 000 and <100 000 2397 (28.5) [31.0] 528 (28.3) [31.3] 106 (25.7) [29.4]
≥100 000 3519 (41.9) [29.9] 794 (42.6) [30.3] 193 (46.7) [32.7]
Parental highest educational level
<High school diploma 462 (5.0) [6.2] 98 (4.9) [6.1] 20 (4.4) [5.2] .85 .44
High school diploma/GED 862 (9.4) [10.8] 196 (9.8) [11.9] 44 (9.8) [12.4]
Some college 2390 (26.0) [29.7] 520 (25.9) [30.1] 102 (22.7) [25.1]
Bachelor 2339 (25.4) [24.2] 505 (25.1) [22.2] 121 (26.9) [26.0]
Postgraduate degree 3152 (34.2) [29.0] 689 (34.3) [29.7] 163 (36.2) [31.4]
Parents married 6199 (67.8) [61.2] 1368 (68.6) [61.9] 318 (71.3) [62.7] .46 .94
Race/ethnicity
Asian 213 (2.3) [3.9] 43 (2.2) [3.5] 12 (2.7) [4.5] .03 .09
Black 1446 (15.9) [14.6] 278 (14.0) [12.8] 70 (15.7) [13.7]
Other/mixedd 1628 (17.9) [15.0] 326 (16.5) [13.0] 58 (13.0) [11.1]
White 5791 (63.8) [66.5] 1334 (67.3) [70.8] 306 (68.6) [70.8]

Abbreviations: ABCD, Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development; GED, general educational development.

a

Among the 11 679 participants with interpretable baseline imaging, 2 with category 1 findings did not have complete demographic information and were not included in this analysis.

b

Percentages are shown for both the raw numbers and the numbers predicted by applying the American Community Survey weights (adjusted %).

c

Two-sided P values reflect randomly subsampling the data to include only 1 member of each family to control for any lack of independence owing to relatedness.

d

Category without further subcategorization.