Table 3.
Levels and rates of change in the physical disability trajectory after diagnosis for each chronic condition
| Fixed effect | Goodness of fit | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intercept | Linear change | Quadratic change | -2LL | Parameters | LR test △χ2 (△df) | ||
| Hypertension | Model 0 | 1.858 (1.615–2.101) | 0.087 (0.046–0.129) | 0.010 (0.009–0.012) | 25,401.7 | 7 | |
| Model 1 | 1.028 (0.735–1.320) | 0.174 (0.132–0.216) | 0.007 (0.005–0.008) | 24,851.0 | 12 | 550.7 (5)*** | |
| Model 2 | 0.441 (0.150–0.731) | 0.154 (0.113–0.196) | 0.006 (0.005–0.008) | 24,591.9 | 13 | 259.1 (1)*** | |
| Model 3 | 0.271 (0.030–0.512) | 0.120 (0.085–0.156) | 0.004 (0.003–0.006) | 21,169.2 | 15 | 3422.7 (2)*** | |
| Heart disease | Model 0 | 2.538 (2.223–2.853) | 0.155 (0.102–0.207) | 0.008 (0.006–0.010) | 16,068.7 | 7 | |
| Model 1 | 1.358 (0.959–1.756) | 0.235 (0.183–0.288) | 0.004 (0.002–0.007) | 15,684.4 | 12 | 384.3 (5)*** | |
| Model 2 | 0.425 (0.009–0.841) | 0.222 (0.170–0.274) | 0.004 (0.002–0.006) | 15,563.0 | 13 | 121.4 (1)*** | |
| Model 3 | 0.558 (0.208–0.908) | 0.161 (0.117–0.205) | 0.003 (0.001–0.004) | 13,317.3 | 15 | 2245.7 (2)*** | |
| Stroke | Model 0 | 8.104 (7.203–9.004) | 0.203 (0.041–0.364) | 0.005(−0.004–0.014) | 3632.9 | 7 | |
| Model 1 | 5.104 (4.040–6.169) | 0.288 (0.129–0.447) | 0.001(− 0.007–0.010) | 3510.6 | 12 | 122.3 (5)*** | |
| Model 2 | 4.509 (3.293–5.724) | 0.289 (0.130–0.449) | 0.001(−0.008–0.009) | 3506.7 | 13 | 3.9 (1)* | |
| Model 3 | 3.018 (1.861–4.175) | 0.215 (0.054–0.376) | 0.002(− 0.007–0.010) | 2495.0 | 15 | 1011.7 (2)*** | |
| Diabetes | Model 0 | 2.887 (2.442–3.332) | 0.080(−0.001–0.161) | 0.014 (0.010–0.017) | 9469.6 | 7 | |
| Model 1 | 2.209 (1.676–2.742) | 0.173 (0.091–0.255) | 0.009 (0.005–0.012) | 9207.5 | 12 | 262.1 (5)*** | |
| Model 2 | 1.080 (0.517–1.643) | 0.166 (0.086–0.247) | 0.008 (0.004–0.011) | 9102.6 | 13 | 104.9 (1)*** | |
| Model 3 | 0.805 (0.331–1.278) | 0.105 (0.037–0.172) | 0.006 (0.003–0.009) | 7680.5 | 15 | 1422.1 (2)*** | |
| Cancer | Model 0 | 3.693 (2.880–4.506) | 0.013(−0.137–0.163) | 0.013 (0.007–0.020) | 2554.0 | 7 | |
| Model 1 | 2.053 (1.079–3.027) | 0.133(−0.015–0.282) | 0.009 (0.002–0.016) | 2467.9 | 12 | 86.1 (5)*** | |
| Model 2 | 1.156 (0.172–2.141) | 0.088(−0.063–0.238) | 0.009 (0.003–0.016) | 2442.1 | 13 | 25.8 (1)*** | |
| Model 3 | 0.542(−0.184–1.268) | 0.079(− 0.041–0.198) | 0.007 (0.001–0.012) | 2011.6 | 15 | 430.5 (2)*** | |
| Lung disease | Model 0 | 2.526 (2.100–2.953) | 0.200 (0.144–0.257) | 0.003 (0.002–0.005) | 10,865.3 | 7 | |
| Model 1 | 1.336 (0.863–1.810) | 0.305 (0.251–0.360) | −0.0004(−0.002–0.001) | 10,486.0 | 12 | 379.3 (5)*** | |
| Model 2 | 0.681 (0.192–1.170) | 0.291 (0.236–0.345) | −0.001(− 0.003–0.001) | 10,427.1 | 13 | 58.9 (1)*** | |
| Model 3 | 0.366(−0.017–0.750) | 0.213 (0.175–0.250) | − 0.001(− 0.002 to − 0.0003) | 8713.5 | 15 | 1713.6 (2)*** | |
| Arthritis | Model 0 | 2.205 (1.942–2.468) | 0.119 (0.077–0.161) | 0.007 (0.005–0.008) | 22,100.0 | 7 | |
| Model 1 | 1.466 (1.132–1.800) | 0.226 (0.184–0.268) | 0.003 (0.002–0.005) | 21,496.9 | 12 | 603.1 (5)*** | |
| Model 2 | 0.833 (0.492–1.174) | 0.204 (0.162–0.245) | 0.003 (0.001–0.004) | 21,353.7 | 13 | 143.2 (1)*** | |
| Model 3 | 0.613 (0.322–0.903) | 0.183 (0.146–0.219) | 0.001(−0.001–0.002) | 18,683.7 | 15 | 2670.0 (2)*** | |
Scores of physical disability are the total of limitations in ADL, IADL, and mobility (range 0–17)
Bold numbers and *indicate statistical significance (p < 0.05), ***indicate statistical significance (p < 0.001)
Model 0: Duration after diagnosis and (duration after diagnosis)2
Model 1: Model 0 + age at diagnosis (centered to 70 years old), gender, education level
Model 2: Model 1 + number of comorbidities over time
Model 3: Model 2 + depression status over time