Figure 1. Type II topoisomerases are enriched at head-on genes.
(A and B) DNA gyrase (A) and Topo IV (B) ChIP-seq profiles of cells carrying either a head-on (HO; blue, strain HM3863 [gyrase], HM4074 [ParC]) or codirectional (CD; red, strain HM3864 [gyrase], HM4075 [ParC]) lacZ engineered conflict. Normalized signal is the read depth of immunoprecipitate (IP)/input normalized to the total number of reads. The direction of DNA replication is left to right. Direction of transcription is indicated by the promoter arrow on lacZ.
(C–E) ChIP-qPCR analysis of DNA gyrase (C), Topo IV (D), and GFP (E) in cells carrying either an HO (strain HM3863 [gyrase], HM4074 [ParC], HM3019 [GFP]) or CD (strain HM3864 [gyrase], HM4075 [ParC], HM3020 [GFP]) lacZ engineered conflict. “Trx” refers to transcription of the engineered conflict. Relative enrichment is the signal of lacZ normalized to input relative to a control locus, yhaX, normalized to input. Bars represent the mean and standard error. *p < 0.05; n.s., not significant.