Table 2.
Group percentile ranks of cognitive tests
| Median | 25th | 75th | Range | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Perceptual reasoning | 39.5 | 6.4 | 61.8 | 0.3–91.9 |
| Spatial visualization (HAWIK block design) | 50.0 | 8.0 | 63.0 | 1.0–99.0 |
| Visual organization (HAWIK picture completion) | 37.0 | 8.0 | 50.0 | 1.0–84.0 |
| Visual reasoning (HAWIK matrix reasoning) | 37.0 | 21.0 | 63.0 | 2.0–75.0 |
| Executive functions | 33.6 | 23.6 | 47.4 | 4.0–73.5 |
| Verbal fluency (RWT) | 12.0 | 4.3 | 27.4 | 2.5–68.5 |
| Task switching (TMT) | 55.0 | 25.0 | 63.0 | 1.0–84.0 |
| Problem‐solving (TL) | 61.5 | 16.3 | 91.8 | 5.0–99.0 |
| Language | 55.5 | 14.4 | 67.0 | 2.0–95.3 |
| Expressive vocabulary (WWT) | 67.5 | 0.0 | 67.5 | 0.0–96.0 |
| Language comprehension (Token Test) | 65.0 | 34.0 | 74.5 | 5.0–97.0 |
| Syntactic comprehension (Trog‐D) | 28.0 | 9.5 | 64.0 | 0.0–97.0 |
| Memory | 28.1 | 19.1 | 43.3 | 6.5–79.7 |
| Verbal short‐ and long‐term memory (VLMT) | 30.0 | 13.3 | 43.3 | 5.3–86.7 |
| Visual short‐ and long‐term memory (RCTF) | 29.0 | 14.0 | 41.5 | 5.3–65.3 |
| Attention (d2) | 25.5 | 10.5 | 64.0 | 3.0–88.0 |
Raw scores of cognitive tests were transformed into age‐adjusted percentiles. Percentile ranks between 15.9–84.1 are considered to lie within the average range (SD –1.0 to 1.0) of normative data. HAWIK, Hamburg‐Wechsler Intelligenztest für Kinder; RCTF, Rey‐Osterrieth Complex Figure Test; RWT, Regensburger Wortflüssigkeitstest; TL, Tower of London; TMT, Trail Making Test; Trog‐D, Test for Reception of Grammar (German version); VLMT, Verbaler Lern‐ und Merkfähigkeitstest; WWT, Wortschatz‐ und Wortfindungstest.