Table 9.

Comparison of the proposed model with baseline models

Method	Image	Number of	Accuracy	Precision	Recall	f1-score	Specifi-
name	type	cases	(%)	(%)	(%)	(%)	city (%)
ResNet+ Location	Chest CT	219 COVID-19 (+)	86.70	81.30	86.70	83.90	93.10
Attention [60]		224 Viral pneumonia
		175 Healthy
DarkCovidNet [38]	CXR	125 COVID-19 (+)	87.02	89.96	85.35	87.37	92.18
		500 Pneumonia
		500 No-FIndings
Xception and	CXR	180 COVID-19 (+)	91.40	35.27	80.53	49.05	99.56
ResNet50V2 [43]		6054 Pneumonia
		8851 Normal
ResNet50 (applied	CXR	219 COVID-19 (+)	92.25	92.35	92.47	92.41	96.12
in this work)		1345 Viral Pneumonia
		1341 Normal
DeTraC [1]	CXR	105 COVID-19 (+)	93.10	-	100	-	85.18
		11 SARS
		80 Normal
COVID-Net [58]	CXR	358 COVID-19 (+)	93.30	98.90	91.00	94.78	95.67
		5538 COVID-19 (-)
		8066 Healthy
VGG-19 [5]	CXR	224 COVID-19 (+)	93.48	93.27	92.85	93.06	98.75
		700 Pneumonia
		504 Healthy
ResNet18 [55]	CXR	423 COVID-19 (+)	95.02	93.88	93.61	93.74	92.41
		144 MERS
		134 SARS
RYDLS-20 [41]	CXR	1000 Normal	95.10	57.61	82.76	65.00	99.30
		90 COVID-19 (+)
		10 MERS
		11 SARS
		10 Varicella
		12 Streptococcus
		11 Pneumocystis
Proposed	CXR	219 COVID-19 (+)	95.18	95.23	95.63	95.42	97.16
model		1345 Viral Pneumonia
		1341 Normal