. 2021 Jan 21;48(3):410–430. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.13409

Table 1.

Characteristics of the included studies arranged to those reporting on medium‐term (3–5 years) and long‐term (> 5 years) outcomes.

Study	Study design	a: No. of patients (BL/FE) b: No. of sites (BL/FE)	a: Diagnosis b: Age range (mean) c: m/f d: Systemic condition e: No. of smokers/former smokers	Intervention Group I Group II Group III Group IV	a: Minimum defect depth b: No. of defect walls (n) c: Tooth type (n) d: FI	Observation period (a)
3–5 years
Bhutda & Deo, 2013	RCT, SM	a: 15/15 b: 30/30	a: chronic P b: 37–45 (41) c: NR d: healthy e: 0/0	I: OFD II: EMD	a: CAL ≥ 6 mm b: I: 2 (4), 2–3 (3), 3 (8) walls II: 2(5), 2–3 (2), 3 (8) walls c: I: 15 mand. (3 PM, 12 M) II: 15 mand. (3 PM, 12 M) d: NR	5
Cetinkaya et al., 2014	RCT, SM	a: 15/11 b: 30/22	a: chronic P @FE b: 29–51 (39) c: 5/6 d: healthy e. 0/0	I: GTR (resorbable; Atrisorb) + platelet pellet II: GTR (resorbable; Atrisorb) + bioactive glass (PerioGlas)	a: NR b: I: 2 (8), 3 (3) walls II: 2 (7), 3 (4) walls c: I: 6 max., 5 mand. (6 PM, 5 M) II: 6 max., 5 mand. (4 PM, 7 M) d: NR	5
Crea et al., 2008	RCT, PG	a: 40/39 b: 40/39	a: advanced chronic P @FE b: 35–66 (46) c: 18/21 d: healthy e: 0/0	I: GTR (non‐resorbable; Gore‐Tex) II: EMD	a: intra (clinical) ≥ 4 mm, intra (radiographic) ≥ 3 mm b: 3 walls c: I: 10 posterior max., 7 anterior max., 3 posterior mand. II: 5 posterior max., 11 anterior max., 3 posterior mand. d: Excluded	3
Döri, Arweiler, Húszár et al., 2013	RCT, PG	a: 26/24 b: 26/24	a: generalized severe chronic P @FE b: 32–56 (NR) c: 11/13 d: healthy e. 0/0	I: EMD + NBM (BioOss) II: EMD + NBM (BioOss) + PRP	a: PD ≥ 6 mm, intra ≥ 4 mm b: I: 1–2 (7), 2 (5) walls II: 1–2 (6), 2 (6) walls c: I: 7 max., 5 mand. (5 I/C, 4 PM, 3 M) II: 8 max., 4 mand. (6 I/C, 4 PM, 2 M) d: NR	5
Eickholz et al., 2004 ^b	RCT, SM	a: 15/13 b: 30/26	a: moderate‐severe P. (6 aggressive, 9 chronic P) @BL b: 22–64 (42) c: 3/12 d: NR e: 3/1	I: GTR (resorbable; Guidor) II: GTR (resorbable; Mempol)	a: NR b: 2 (10), 3 (16) walls c: 10 max. (6 PM, 4 M), 16 mand. (4 C, 2 PM, 10 M) d: NR	5
Flemmig et al., 1998	RCT, SM	a: 14/8 b: 28/16	a: NR @FE b: NR (47) c: 4/4 d: NR e: 1/0	I: OFD II: autolysed, antigen‐extracted, allogenic bone + neomycin sulphate + bacitracin	a: CAL ≥ 6 mm b: I: 1 (1), 2 (2), 3 (5) walls II: 1 (3), 2 (1), 3 (4) walls c: NR d: NR	3
Gorski et al., 2020	RCT, SM	a: 15/14 b: 30/27	a: AgP @BL b: 22–49 (38) c:5/10 d: healthy e: NR	I: GTR (resorbable; BioGide) + NBM (BioOss) II: GTR (resorbable; BioGide) + NBM (BioOss)	a: PD ≥ 6 mm, intra ≥ 3 mm b: I: 1 (2), 2 (4), 3 (9) walls II: 1 (3), 2 (4), 3 (8) walls c: I: 5 max., 10 mand. (4 I/C, 4 PM, 7 M) II: 7 max., 8 mand. (5 I/C, 3 PM, 7 M) d: excluded	4
Heijl et al., 1997	RCT, SM	a: 33/26 b: 68/54	a: NR @BL b: 33–68 (48) c: 7/26 d: regular medication intake (11) e: 16/13	I: OFD II: EMD	a: PD ≥ 6 mm, intra ≥ 4 mm, width ≥ 2 mm b: I: 1 (11), 2 (23) walls II: 1 (17), 2 (17) walls c: NR d: NR	3
Hoffmann et al., 2015	RCT, PG	a: 73/30 b: 73/30	a: severe P @FE b: NR (47) c: 13/17 d: healthy e: 4/1	I: EMD II: EMD + biphasic calcium phosphate (BoneCeramic)	a: intra ≥ 4 mm, width ≥ 2 mm b: I: 1 (2), 1–2 (6), 2 (2), circumferential (5) II: 1 (2), 1–2 (5), 2 (3), circumferential (5) c: NR d: excluded	3
Kim et al., 2002 ^b	RCT, SM	a: 12/8 b: 24/16	a: advanced chronic P @FE b: 32–62 (46) c: 3/9 (@BL) d: diabetes (2) e: 3/0	I: GTR (non‐resorbable; Gore‐Tex) II: GTR (resorbable, polyglactin; Vicryl)	a: NR b: NR c: I: 3 max., 5 mand. (1 C, 4 PM, 3 M) II: 2 max., 6 mand. (1 I, 2 C, 3 PM, 2 M) d: NR	5
Menezes & Rao, 2012	RCT, SM	a: 60/60 b: 120/120	a: chronic P b: NR (38) c: 30/30 d: healthy e: 0/0	I: HA (Periobone G) + saline II: HA (Periobone G) + PRP	a: PD ≥ 6 mm, intra ≥ 3 mm b: I: 2–3 (10), 3 (50) walls II: 2–3 (13), 3 (47) walls c: I: 32 max. M, 28 mand. M II: 32 max. M, 28 mand. M d: FI not connected to the interproximal defect	4
Mengel et al., 2006	(R)CT, PG	a: 16/16 b: 42/42	a: generalized aggressive P b: 32–62 (45) c: 5/11 d: healthy e: 0/0	I: GTR (resorbable; Resolut) II: bioactive glass (PerioGlas)	a: PD ≥ 7 mm, intra ≥ 4 mm b: 1–3 walls c: 9 I/C, 9 PM, 24 M d: excluded	5
Nevins et al., 2013	RCT, PG	a: 180/83 b: 180/83	a: NR b: 25–75 (NR) c: NR d: NR e: NR	I: ß‐TCP + buffer II: ß‐TCP + rhPDGF‐BB (0.3 mg/ml) III: ß‐TCP + rhPDGF‐BB (1.0 mg/ml)	a: PD ≥ 7 mm, intra ≥ 4 mm b: 1–3 walls c: NR d: NR	3
Ogihara & Tarnow, 2014	RCT, PG	a: 69/67 b: 69/67	a: chronic P @BL b: NR (53–56) c: 14/55 d: healthy e: 0/0	I: EMD II: EMD + FDBA + minocycline III: EMD + DFDBA + minocycline	a: CAL ≥ 6 mm b: NR c: I: 12 max., 11 mand. (1 I, 1 C, 1 PM, 20 M) II: 10 max., 13 mand. (1 I, 1 C, 1 PM, 20 M) III: 11 max., 12 mand. (2 PM, 21 M) d: NR	3
Pietruska et al., 2012	RCT, PG	a: 24/24 b: 24/24	a: advanced chronic P b: 34–62 (NR) c: 10/14 d: healthy e: 0/0	I: EMD II: EMD + biphasic calcium phosphate (BoneCeramic)	a: PD ≥ 6 mm, intra ≥ 4 mm b: I: 1–2 (1), 2 (8), 3 (3) walls II: 1–2 (1), 2 (9), 3 (2) walls c: I: 5 max., 7 mand. (5 I/C, 5 PM, 2 M) II: 6 max., 6 mand. (6 I/C, 4 PM, 2 M) d: NR	4
Sculean et al., 2001 ^b	(R)CT, SM	a: 16/12 b: 32/24	a: NR @FE b: 37–55 (45) c: 6/6 d: healthy e: NR	I: GTR (resorbable; Resolut) II: EMD	a: PD ≥ 6 mm b: I: 1 (1), 2 (8), 3 (3) walls II: 1 (1), 2 (9), 3 (2) walls c: NR d: NR	4
Sculean et al., 2004 ^b	RCT, PG	a: 56/42 b: 56/42	a: NR @FE b: NR (47) c: NR d: healthy e: NR	I: OFD II: EMD III: GTR (resorbable; Resolut) IV: EMD + GTR (resorbable; Resolut)	a: PD ≥ 6 mm, intra ≥ 3 mm b: I: 1–2 (3), 2 (5), 3 (2) walls II: 1–2 (3), 2 (7), 3 (1) walls III: 1–2 (3), 2 (6), 3 (2) walls IV: 1–2 (2), 2 (7), 3 (1) walls c: NR d: NR	5
Sculean, Pietruska, et al., 2007	RCT, PG	a: 30/25 b: 30/25	a: advanced chronic P @FE b: 38–55 (46) c: 11/14 d: healthy e: NR	I: EMD II: EMD + bioactive glass (Emdogain Gel TS®)	a: PD ≥ 6 mm, intra ≥ 3 mm b: I: 1–2 (7), 2 (5), 3 (1) walls II: 1–2 (6), 2 (5), 3 (1) walls c: NR d: NR	4
Sculean, Schwarz, et al., 2007	RCT, PG	a: 28/19 b: 28/19	a: advanced chronic P @BL b: NR (45) c: 9/10 d: healthy e: 0/0	I: OFD II: GTR (resorbable; BioGide) + NBM (BioOss)	a: PD ≥ 6 mm, intra ≥ 3 mm b: I: 1–2 (1), 2 (7), 3 (1) walls II: 1–2 (2), 2 (7), 3 (1) walls c: NR d: NR	5
>5 years
Cortellini et al., 2017	RCT, PG	a: 45/41 b: 45/41	a: NR @BE b: 25–61 (43) c: 21/24 d: healthy e: 6	I: OFG II: GTR III: GTRt	a: NR b: 1–3 walls c: 36 max., 9 mand., (17 I, 13 C, 7 PM, 8 M) d: excluded	20
Döri, Arweiler, Szántó, et al., 2013, ^b	RCT, PG	a: 24/22 b: 24/22	a: generalized advanced chronic P @FE b: 34–67 (NR) c: 7/15 d: healthy e: 2/0	I: EMD + NBM (BioOss) II: EMD + ß‐TCP (Cerasorb)	a: PD ≥ 6 mm, intra ≥ 4 mm b: I: 1–2 (1), 2 (8), 3 (2) walls II: 1–2 (1), 2 (7), 3 (3) walls c: I: 5 max., 6 mand. (5 I/C, 4 PM, 2 M) II: 4 max., 7 mand. (5 I/C, 5 PM, 1 M) d: NR	10
Nickles et al., 2009 ^a	(R)CT, SM, (PG)	a: 10/10 b: 20/20	a: severe chronic P b: 41–73 (NR) c: NR d: NR e: 2/4	I: OFD II: GTR (resorbable; Guidor)	a: PD ≥ 5 mm b: 2, 3 walls c: 6 max. (2 I/C, 4 PM), 14 mand. (2 I/C, 4 PM, 8 M) d: NR	10
Nygaard‐Østby et al., 2010	RCT, PG	a: 40/26 b: 40/26	a: chronic P @BL b: 42–67 (53) c: 20/20 d: healthy e: 0/0	I: autogenous bone II: GTR (resorbable; Atrisorb) + autogenous bone	a: PD ≥ 6 mm, intra > 4 mm b: NR c: I: 8 max. (7 I/C, 1 PM), 5 mand. (4 I/C, 1 PM) II: 10 max (5 I/C, 5 PM), 3 mand I/C d: excluded	10
Orsini et al., 2008	RCT, SM	a: 12/12 b: 24/24	a: NR b: 29–62 (42) c: 7/5 d: healthy e: 0/0	I: GTR (resorbable; BioGide) + autogenous bone II: autogenous bone +calcium sulphate (Surgiplaster)	a: NR b: 2, 3 walls c: NR d: NR	6
Petsos et al., 2019 ^a	R)CT, SM, (PG)	a: 10/10 b: 20/20	a: severe chronic P b: 41–73 (NR) c: NR d: NR e: 2/4	I: OFD II: GTR (resorbable; Guidor)	a: PD ≥ 5 mm b: 2, 3 walls c: 6 max. (2 I/C, 4 PM), 14 mand. (2 I/C, 4 PM, 8 M) d: NR	20 (follow‐up of Nickles et al., 2009)
Pretzl et al., 2008 ^b	RCT, SM	a: 12/8 b: 24/16	a: advanced P @BL b: 32–62 (46) c: 3/9 d: 2 DM e: 3/0	I: GTR (non‐resorbable; Gore‐Tex) II: GTR (resorbable; Vicryl)	a: NR b: NR c: I: 3 max. (1 C, 2 PM), 5 mand. (3 PM, 2 M) II: 3 max. (1 C, 2 PM), 5 mand. (3 PM, 2 M) d: NR	10 (follow‐up of Kim et al., 2002)
Pretzl et al., 2009 ^b	RCT, SM	a: 15/9 b: 30/18	a: moderate‐severe P (6 aggressive, 9 chronic P) @BL b: 22–64 (42) c: 3/12 d: NR e: 3/1	I: GTR (resorbable; Guidor) II: GTR (resorbable; Mempol)	a: NR b: 2, 3 walls c: 6 max. (2 PM, 4 M), 14 mand. (4 I/C, 4 PM, 6 M) d: NR	10 (follow‐up of Eickholz et al., 2004)
Sculean et al., 2006	(R)CT, SM	a: 16/10 b: 32/20	a: NR @FE b: 38–55 (46) c: 4/6 d: healthy e: NR	I: GTR (resorbable; Resolut) II: EMD	a: PD ≥ 6 mm b: I: 1 (1), 2 (8), 3 (1) walls II: 1 (1), 2 (7), 3 (2) walls c: NR d: NR	8 (follow‐up of Sculean et al., 2001)
Sculean, Kiss, et al., 2008	RCT, PG	a: 56/38 b: 56/38	a: NR @FE b: NR (52) c: NR d: healthy e: NR	I: OFD II: EMD III: GTR (resorbable; Resolut) IV: EMD + GTR (resorbable; Resolut)	a: PD ≥ 6 mm, intra ≥ 3 mm b: I: 1–2 (2), 2 (5), 3 (2) walls II: 1–2 (3), 2 (6), 3 (1) walls III: 1–2 (3), 2 (6), 3 (1) walls IV: 1–2 (2), 2 (7), 3 (1) walls c: NR d: NR	10 (follow‐up of Sculean et al., 2004)
Stavropoulos & Karring, 2010	RCT, PG	a: 60/38 b: 60/38	a: advanced P @BL b: 26–62 (NR) c: 27/33 d: NR e: NR	I: OFD II: GTR (resorbable; Resolut) III: GTR (resorbable; Resolut) + NBM (BioOss) + saline IV: GTR (resorbable; Resolut) + NBM (BioOss) + gentamicin sulphate	a: PD ≥ 7 mm, intra ≥ 4 mm b: 1, 2 walls c: NR d: excluded	6

Study

Study design

a: No. of patients (BL/FE)

b: No. of sites (BL/FE)

a: Diagnosis

b: Age range (mean)

c: m/f

d: Systemic condition

e: No. of smokers/former smokers

Intervention

Group I

Group II

Group III

Group IV

a: Minimum defect depth

b: No. of defect walls (n)

c: Tooth type (n)

d: FI

Observation period (a)

3–5 years

Bhutda & Deo, 2013

RCT, SM

a: 15/15

b: 30/30

a: chronic P

b: 37–45 (41)

c: NR

d: healthy

e: 0/0

I: OFD

II: EMD

a: CAL ≥ 6 mm

b: I: 2 (4), 2–3 (3), 3 (8) walls

II: 2(5), 2–3 (2), 3 (8) walls

c: I: 15 mand. (3 PM, 12 M)

II: 15 mand. (3 PM, 12 M)

d: NR

Cetinkaya et al., 2014

RCT, SM

a: 15/11

b: 30/22

a: chronic P

@FE

b: 29–51 (39)

c: 5/6

d: healthy

e. 0/0

I: GTR (resorbable; Atrisorb) + platelet pellet

II: GTR (resorbable; Atrisorb) + bioactive glass (PerioGlas)

a: NR

b: I: 2 (8), 3 (3) walls

II: 2 (7), 3 (4) walls

c: I: 6 max., 5 mand. (6 PM, 5 M)

II: 6 max., 5 mand. (4 PM, 7 M)

d: NR

Crea et al., 2008

RCT, PG

a: 40/39

b: 40/39

a: advanced chronic P

@FE

b: 35–66 (46)

c: 18/21

d: healthy

e: 0/0

I: GTR (non‐resorbable; Gore‐Tex)

II: EMD

a: intra (clinical) ≥ 4 mm, intra (radiographic) ≥ 3 mm

b: 3 walls

c: I: 10 posterior max., 7 anterior max., 3 posterior mand.

II: 5 posterior max., 11 anterior max., 3 posterior mand.

d: Excluded

Döri, Arweiler, Húszár et al., 2013

RCT, PG

a: 26/24

b: 26/24

a: generalized severe chronic P

@FE

b: 32–56 (NR)

c: 11/13

d: healthy

e. 0/0

I: EMD + NBM (BioOss)

II: EMD + NBM (BioOss) + PRP

a: PD ≥ 6 mm, intra ≥ 4 mm

b: I: 1–2 (7), 2 (5) walls

II: 1–2 (6), 2 (6) walls

c: I: 7 max., 5 mand. (5 I/C, 4 PM, 3 M)

II: 8 max., 4 mand. (6 I/C, 4 PM, 2 M)

d: NR

Eickholz et al., 2004 ^b

RCT, SM

a: 15/13

b: 30/26

a: moderate‐severe P. (6 aggressive, 9 chronic P)

@BL

b: 22–64 (42)

c: 3/12

d: NR

e: 3/1

I: GTR (resorbable; Guidor)

II: GTR (resorbable; Mempol)

a: NR

b: 2 (10), 3 (16) walls

c: 10 max. (6 PM, 4 M), 16 mand. (4 C, 2 PM, 10 M)

d: NR

Flemmig et al., 1998

RCT, SM

a: 14/8

b: 28/16

a: NR

@FE

b: NR (47)

c: 4/4

d: NR

e: 1/0

I: OFD

II: autolysed, antigen‐extracted, allogenic bone + neomycin sulphate + bacitracin

a: CAL ≥ 6 mm

b: I: 1 (1), 2 (2), 3 (5) walls

II: 1 (3), 2 (1), 3 (4) walls

c: NR

d: NR

Gorski et al., 2020

RCT,

a: 15/14

b: 30/27

a: AgP

@BL

b: 22–49 (38)

c:5/10

d: healthy

e: NR

I: GTR (resorbable; BioGide) + NBM (BioOss)

II: GTR (resorbable; BioGide) + NBM (BioOss)

a: PD ≥ 6 mm, intra ≥ 3 mm

b: I: 1 (2), 2 (4), 3 (9) walls

II: 1 (3), 2 (4), 3 (8) walls

c: I: 5 max., 10 mand. (4 I/C, 4 PM, 7 M)

II: 7 max., 8 mand. (5 I/C, 3 PM, 7 M)

d: excluded

Heijl et al., 1997

RCT, SM

a: 33/26

b: 68/54

a: NR

@BL

b: 33–68 (48)

c: 7/26

d: regular medication intake (11)

e: 16/13

I: OFD

II: EMD

a: PD ≥ 6 mm, intra ≥ 4 mm, width ≥ 2 mm

b: I: 1 (11), 2 (23) walls

II: 1 (17), 2 (17) walls

c: NR

d: NR

Hoffmann et al., 2015

RCT, PG

a: 73/30

b: 73/30

a: severe P

@FE

b: NR (47)

c: 13/17

d: healthy

e: 4/1

I: EMD

II: EMD + biphasic calcium phosphate (BoneCeramic)

a: intra ≥ 4 mm, width ≥ 2 mm

b: I: 1 (2), 1–2 (6), 2 (2), circumferential (5)

II: 1 (2), 1–2 (5), 2 (3), circumferential (5)

c: NR

d: excluded

Kim et al., 2002 ^b

RCT, SM

a: 12/8

b: 24/16

a: advanced chronic P

@FE

b: 32–62 (46)

c: 3/9 (@BL)

d: diabetes (2)

e: 3/0

I: GTR (non‐resorbable; Gore‐Tex)

II: GTR (resorbable, polyglactin; Vicryl)

a: NR

b: NR

c: I: 3 max., 5 mand. (1 C, 4 PM, 3 M)

II: 2 max., 6 mand. (1 I, 2 C, 3 PM, 2 M)

d: NR

Menezes & Rao, 2012

RCT, SM

a: 60/60

b: 120/120

a: chronic P

b: NR (38)

c: 30/30

d: healthy

e: 0/0

I: HA (Periobone G) + saline

II: HA (Periobone G) + PRP

a: PD ≥ 6 mm, intra ≥ 3 mm

b: I: 2–3 (10), 3 (50) walls

II: 2–3 (13), 3 (47) walls

c: I: 32 max. M, 28 mand. M

II: 32 max. M, 28 mand. M

d: FI not connected to the interproximal defect

Mengel et al., 2006

(R)CT, PG

a: 16/16

b: 42/42

a: generalized aggressive P

b: 32–62 (45)

c: 5/11

d: healthy

e: 0/0

I: GTR (resorbable; Resolut)

II: bioactive glass (PerioGlas)

a: PD ≥ 7 mm, intra ≥ 4 mm

b: 1–3 walls

c: 9 I/C, 9 PM, 24 M

d: excluded

Nevins et al., 2013

RCT, PG

a: 180/83

b: 180/83

a: NR

b: 25–75 (NR)

c: NR

d: NR

e: NR

I: ß‐TCP + buffer

II: ß‐TCP + rhPDGF‐BB (0.3 mg/ml)

III: ß‐TCP + rhPDGF‐BB (1.0 mg/ml)

a: PD ≥ 7 mm, intra ≥ 4 mm

b: 1–3 walls

c: NR

d: NR

Ogihara & Tarnow, 2014

RCT, PG

a: 69/67

b: 69/67

a: chronic P

@BL

b: NR (53–56)

c: 14/55

d: healthy

e: 0/0

I: EMD

II: EMD + FDBA + minocycline

III: EMD + DFDBA + minocycline

a: CAL ≥ 6 mm

b: NR

c: I: 12 max., 11 mand. (1 I, 1 C, 1 PM, 20 M)

II: 10 max., 13 mand. (1 I, 1 C, 1 PM, 20 M)

III: 11 max., 12 mand. (2 PM, 21 M)

d: NR

Pietruska et al., 2012

RCT, PG

a: 24/24

b: 24/24

a: advanced chronic P

b: 34–62 (NR)

c: 10/14

d: healthy

e: 0/0

I: EMD

II: EMD + biphasic calcium phosphate (BoneCeramic)

a: PD ≥ 6 mm, intra ≥ 4 mm

b: I: 1–2 (1), 2 (8), 3 (3) walls

II: 1–2 (1), 2 (9), 3 (2) walls

c: I: 5 max., 7 mand. (5 I/C, 5 PM, 2 M)

II: 6 max., 6 mand. (6 I/C, 4 PM, 2 M)

d: NR

Sculean et al., 2001 ^b

(R)CT, SM

a: 16/12

b: 32/24

a: NR

@FE

b: 37–55 (45)

c: 6/6

d: healthy

e: NR

I: GTR (resorbable; Resolut)

II: EMD

a: PD ≥ 6 mm

b: I: 1 (1), 2 (8), 3 (3) walls

II: 1 (1), 2 (9), 3 (2) walls

c: NR

d: NR

Sculean et al., 2004 ^b

RCT, PG

a: 56/42

b: 56/42

a: NR

@FE

b: NR (47)

c: NR

d: healthy

e: NR

I: OFD

II: EMD

III: GTR (resorbable; Resolut)

IV: EMD + GTR (resorbable; Resolut)

a: PD ≥ 6 mm, intra ≥ 3 mm

b: I: 1–2 (3), 2 (5), 3 (2) walls

II: 1–2 (3), 2 (7), 3 (1) walls

III: 1–2 (3), 2 (6), 3 (2) walls

IV: 1–2 (2), 2 (7), 3 (1) walls

c: NR

d: NR

Sculean, Pietruska, et al., 2007

RCT, PG

a: 30/25

b: 30/25

a: advanced chronic P

@FE

b: 38–55 (46)

c: 11/14

d: healthy

e: NR

I: EMD

II: EMD + bioactive glass (Emdogain Gel TS®)

a: PD ≥ 6 mm, intra ≥ 3 mm

b: I: 1–2 (7), 2 (5), 3 (1) walls

II: 1–2 (6), 2 (5), 3 (1) walls

c: NR

d: NR

Sculean, Schwarz, et al., 2007

RCT, PG

a: 28/19

b: 28/19

a: advanced chronic P

@BL

b: NR (45)

c: 9/10

d: healthy

e: 0/0

I: OFD

II: GTR (resorbable; BioGide) + NBM (BioOss)

a: PD ≥ 6 mm, intra ≥ 3 mm

b: I: 1–2 (1), 2 (7), 3 (1) walls

II: 1–2 (2), 2 (7), 3 (1) walls

c: NR

d: NR

>5 years

Cortellini et al., 2017

RCT, PG

a: 45/41

b: 45/41

a: NR

@BE

b: 25–61 (43)

c: 21/24

d: healthy

e: 6

I: OFG

II: GTR

III: GTRt

a: NR

b: 1–3 walls

c: 36 max., 9 mand., (17 I, 13 C, 7 PM, 8 M)

d: excluded

Döri, Arweiler, Szántó, et al., 2013, ^b

RCT, PG

a: 24/22

b: 24/22

a: generalized advanced chronic P

@FE

b: 34–67 (NR)

c: 7/15

d: healthy

e: 2/0

I: EMD + NBM (BioOss)

II: EMD + ß‐TCP (Cerasorb)

a: PD ≥ 6 mm, intra ≥ 4 mm

b: I: 1–2 (1), 2 (8), 3 (2) walls

II: 1–2 (1), 2 (7), 3 (3) walls

c: I: 5 max., 6 mand. (5 I/C, 4 PM, 2 M)

II: 4 max., 7 mand. (5 I/C, 5 PM, 1 M)

d: NR

Nickles et al., 2009 ^a

(R)CT, SM, (PG)

a: 10/10

b: 20/20

a: severe chronic P

b: 41–73 (NR)

c: NR

d: NR

e: 2/4

I: OFD

II: GTR (resorbable; Guidor)

a: PD ≥ 5 mm

b: 2, 3 walls

c: 6 max. (2 I/C, 4 PM), 14 mand. (2 I/C, 4 PM, 8 M)

d: NR

Nygaard‐Østby et al., 2010

RCT, PG

a: 40/26

b: 40/26

a: chronic P

@BL

b: 42–67 (53)

c: 20/20

d: healthy

e: 0/0

I: autogenous bone

II: GTR (resorbable; Atrisorb) + autogenous bone

a: PD ≥ 6 mm, intra > 4 mm

b: NR

c: I: 8 max. (7 I/C, 1 PM), 5 mand. (4 I/C, 1 PM)

II: 10 max (5 I/C, 5 PM), 3 mand I/C

d: excluded

Orsini et al., 2008

RCT, SM

a: 12/12

b: 24/24

a: NR

b: 29–62 (42)

c: 7/5

d: healthy

e: 0/0

I: GTR (resorbable; BioGide) + autogenous bone

II: autogenous bone +calcium sulphate (Surgiplaster)

a: NR

b: 2, 3 walls

c: NR

d: NR

Petsos et al., 2019 ^a

R)CT, SM, (PG)

a: 10/10

b: 20/20

a: severe chronic P

b: 41–73 (NR)

c: NR

d: NR

e: 2/4

I: OFD

II: GTR (resorbable; Guidor)

a: PD ≥ 5 mm

b: 2, 3 walls

c: 6 max. (2 I/C, 4 PM), 14 mand. (2 I/C, 4 PM, 8 M)

d: NR

(follow‐up of Nickles et al., 2009)

Pretzl et al., 2008 ^b

RCT, SM

a: 12/8

b: 24/16

a: advanced P

@BL

b: 32–62 (46)

c: 3/9

d: 2 DM

e: 3/0

I: GTR (non‐resorbable; Gore‐Tex)

II: GTR (resorbable; Vicryl)

a: NR

b: NR

c: I: 3 max. (1 C, 2 PM), 5 mand. (3 PM, 2 M)

II: 3 max. (1 C, 2 PM), 5 mand. (3 PM, 2 M)

d: NR

(follow‐up of

Kim et al., 2002)

Pretzl et al., 2009 ^b

RCT, SM

a: 15/9

b: 30/18

a: moderate‐severe P (6 aggressive, 9 chronic P)

@BL

b: 22–64 (42)

c: 3/12

d: NR

e: 3/1

I: GTR (resorbable; Guidor)

II: GTR (resorbable; Mempol)

a: NR

b: 2, 3 walls

c: 6 max. (2 PM, 4 M), 14 mand. (4 I/C, 4 PM, 6 M)

d: NR

(follow‐up of Eickholz et al., 2004)

Sculean et al., 2006

(R)CT, SM

a: 16/10

b: 32/20

a: NR

@FE

b: 38–55 (46)

c: 4/6

d: healthy

e: NR

I: GTR (resorbable; Resolut)

II: EMD

a: PD ≥ 6 mm

b: I: 1 (1), 2 (8), 3 (1) walls

II: 1 (1), 2 (7), 3 (2) walls

c: NR

d: NR

(follow‐up of Sculean et al., 2001)

Sculean, Kiss, et al., 2008

RCT, PG

a: 56/38

b: 56/38

a: NR

@FE

b: NR (52)

c: NR

d: healthy

e: NR

I: OFD

II: EMD

III: GTR (resorbable; Resolut)

IV: EMD + GTR (resorbable; Resolut)

a: PD ≥ 6 mm, intra ≥ 3 mm

b: I: 1–2 (2), 2 (5), 3 (2) walls

II: 1–2 (3), 2 (6), 3 (1) walls

III: 1–2 (3), 2 (6), 3 (1) walls

IV: 1–2 (2), 2 (7), 3 (1) walls

c: NR

d: NR

10 (follow‐up of Sculean et al., 2004)

Stavropoulos & Karring, 2010

RCT, PG

a: 60/38

b: 60/38

a: advanced P

@BL

b: 26–62 (NR)

c: 27/33

d: NR

e: NR

I: OFD

II: GTR (resorbable; Resolut)

III: GTR (resorbable; Resolut) + NBM (BioOss) + saline

IV: GTR (resorbable; Resolut) + NBM (BioOss) + gentamicin sulphate

a: PD ≥ 7 mm, intra ≥ 4 mm

b: 1, 2 walls

c: NR

d: excluded

Abbreviations: (R)CT, according to authors randomized, but randomization process not defined; BL, baseline; C, canine; CAL, clinical attachment level; CS, case series; CT, controlled trial; DFDBA, demineralized freeze‐dried bone allograft; EMD, enamel matrix derivatives; f, female; FDBA, freeze‐dried bone allograft; FE, final evaluation; FI, furcation involvement; GTR, guided tissue regeneration; HA, hydroxylapatite; I, incisor; intra, intrabony defect depth; m, male; M, molar; mand., mandibular teeth; max., maxillary teeth; NBM, natural bone mineral; NR, not reported; OFD, open flap debridement; P, periodontitis; PD, probing pocket depth; PG, parallel group; PM, premolar; PRP, platelet‐rich plasma; RCT, randomized controlled trial; rhPDGF, recombinant human platelet‐derived growth factor; RS, retrospective study; SM, split mouth; ß‐TCP, ß‐tricalcium phosphate; width, intrabony defect width.

^{^a}

Herein, data of the split mouth group are reported;

^{^b}

Studies not contributing with data in the network meta‐analyses.