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. 2021 Mar 23;12:25. doi: 10.1186/s13229-021-00432-y

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 5 — Adult Arid1b^+/− have diminished physical size, strength and motor ability. a Adult Arid1b^+/− weigh less compared to Arid1b^+/+ adults and throughout behavioral testing. b In a forelimb grip strength assay, Arid1b^+/− showed decreased maximum forelimb force exerted, indicating reduced muscle strength. c, d Despite their smaller size, Arid1b^+/− showed normal stride length (c) and stride frequency (d) in fore and hind paws using DigiGait automated gait analysis, indicating normal ambulation and motor coordination of the limbs. e–h In open field exploration assay, horizontal, vertical and total activity were recorded for a 30-min period. Data are shown over time in 5-min bins. Arid1b^+/− were hypoactive with reduced horizontal activity (e), vertical activity (f) and total activity (g). h When summed over the 30-min session, Arid1b^+/− had less total activity compared to Arid1b^+/+, indicating a robust motor deficit. For a and b, Arid1b^+/+ N = 28, Arid1b^+/− N = 25, for c and d Arid1b^+/+ N = 21, Arid1b^+/− N = 19, for e–h Arid1b^+/+ N = 28, Arid1b^+/− N = 26. *p < .05 versus Arid1b^+/+ by repeated measures two-way ANOVA or student’s unpaired t test. ^†p < .09 versus Arid1b^+/+ by repeated measures two-way ANOVA. Error bars represent mean ± SEM