Table 2.
Adjusted odds ratio for clinical outcomes among users and non-users of ACEI/ARB.
| Variable | ACEI/ARB (unmatched) n = 146 | Non-ACEI/ARBs (unmatched) n = 208 | Adjusted odds ratiob (95% CI) | P value | Bonferroni adjustment* | ACEI/ARB (matched) n = 145 | Non-ACEI/ARB (matched) n = 63 | Adjusted odds ratioc (95% CI) | P value | Bonferroni adjustment* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Severe or criticala, n (%) | 126 (86.3) | 67 (32.2) | 8.25 (3.32–20.53) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 125 (86.2) | 30 (47.6) | 5.55 (2.41–12.80) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| ICU admission, n (%) |
74 (50.7) | 23 (11.1) | 6.76 (2.88–15.89) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 73 (50.3) | 11 (17.5) | 4.98 (2.02−12.21) | <0.001 | 0.002 |
| Noninvasive Ventilation, n (%) | 103 (70.5) | 54 (26.0) | 4.77 (2.15–10.55) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 103 (71.0) | 25 (39.7) | 3.57 (1.68–8.80) | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 32 (21.9) | 13 (6.2) | 1.68 (0.58–4.83) | 0.337 | 1.000 | 31 (21.4) | 6 (9.5) | 1.63 (0.53−4.96) | 0.358 | 1.000 |
| In-hospital death, n (%) | 3 (2.1) | 2 (1.0) | 0.35 (0.03–4.63) | 0.427 | 1.000 | 3 (2.1) | 2 (3.2) | 0.48 (0.05–4.49) | 0.521 | 1.000 |
a
Severe or critical defined according to WHO severity definition. ICU: Intensive care unit.
b
Odds ratio adjusted using logistic regression model with the following variables: age, sex, BMI, diabetes, hypertension, renal disease, number of comorbidities (that includes diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease (heart failure/coronary artery disease), stroke, renal disease, asthma and obesity) and inpatient COVID-19 regimen.
c
Odds ratios adjusted using propensity score matching model.
*
For multiplicity correction, Bonferroni method was used to adjust the P values.