Table 3.
Clinical severity by comorbidity.
| Population | ACEI/ARB (unmatched) n, (%) | Non-ACEI/ARB (unmatched) n, (%) | Adjusted odds ratiob (95% CI) | P value | Adjustment* | ACEI/ARB (matched) n, (%) | Non-ACEI/ARB (matched) n, (%) | Adjusted odds ratio‡ (95% CI) | P value | Adjustment* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DM or HTN or Renal disease | 135(72.2) | 52(27.8) | – | – | – | 134(77.5) | 39(22.5) | – | – | – |
| unmatched (n = 187) | ||||||||||
| Matched (n = 173) | ||||||||||
| Severe or criticala, n (%) | 117(86.7) | 28(53.8) | 5.34(1.87–15.30) | 0.002 | 0.004 | 116(86.6) | 19(48.7) | 5.40(2.01−14.54) | <0.001 | 0.003 |
| DM + HTN | 87(87) | 13(13.0) | – | – | – | 86(86.9) | 13(13.1) | – | – | – |
| Unmatched (n = 100) | ||||||||||
| Matched (n = 99) | ||||||||||
| Severe or criticala, n (%) | 81(93.1) | 10(76.9) | 5.54(2.00−15.34) | 0.001 | 0.004 | 80(93) | 10(76.9) | 5.01(0.80 31.43) | 0.085 | 0.339 |
| DM alone | 98(70) | 42(30.0) | – | – | – | 97(77) | 29(23) | – | – | – |
| Unmatched (n = 140) | ||||||||||
| Matched (n = 126) | ||||||||||
| Severe or criticala, n (%) | 89(90.8) | 24(57.1) | 5.19(1.29−20.87) | 0.020 | 0.081 | 88(51.7) | 15(90.7) | 5.32(1.45−19.56) | 0.012 | 0.047 |
| HTN alone | 123(84.8) | 22(15.2) | – | – | – | 122(84.7) | 22(15.3) | – | – | – |
| Unmatched (n = 145) | ||||||||||
| Matched (n = 144) | ||||||||||
| Severe or criticala, n (%) | 108(87.8) | 13(59.1) | 5.72(1.69−19.32) | 0.005 | 0.020 | 107(87.7) | 13(59.1) | 5.279(1.60–17.47) | 0.006 | 0.025 |
DM: diabetes; HTN: hypertension; CI: confidence interval.
‡Note: Odds ratios adjusted using propensity score matching model.
a
Severe or critical defined according to WHO severity definition.
b
Odds ratio adjusted using logistic regression model with the following variables: age, sex, BMI, diabetes, hypertension, renal disease, number of comorbidities (that includes diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease (heart failure/coronary artery disease), stroke, renal disease, asthma and obesity) and inpatient COVID-19 regimen.
*
For multiplicity correction, Bonferroni method was used to adjust the P values.