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Central and peripheral mechanisms of EECP. VEGF‐Vascular endothelial growth factor; BFGF‐Basic fibroblast growth factor; HGF‐Hepatocyte growth factor; TNF‐a‐Tumour necrosis factor‐alpha; MCP‐1‐Monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1; VCAM‐1‐Vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1; BNP‐Brain natriuretic peptide; ANP‐Atrial natriuretic peptide; ACE‐Angiotensin‐converting enzyme; ANG II‐Angiotensin II; EECP, Enhanced External Counterpulsation
