TABLE 4.
Demographics and clinical characteristics of main pancreatic duct injured patients initially treated with operative and nonoperative management
| Variables |
Nonoperative management n = 11 |
Operative management n = 53 |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Background | |||
| Age (y) | 49.5 ± 6.9 | 35.9 ± 3.1 | .079 |
| Injury type | |||
| Blunt | 11 (100) | 51 (96) | .513 |
| Penetrating | 0 (0) | 2 (4) | |
| Intraabdominal injury | |||
| Pancreas only | 5 (45) | 27 (51) | .740 |
| Pancreas injury location | |||
| Head | 4 (36) | 15 (28) | .594 |
| Body or tail | 7 (64) | 38 (72) | |
| Rate of comorbidities | 5 (45) | 10 (23) | .058 |
| Injury Severity Score (ISS) | 14.7 ± 2.5 | 15.4 ± 1.1 | .814 |
| Laboratory values | |||
| WBC (/μL) | 12,825 ± 1634 | 13,577 ± 744 | .677 |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 2.9 ± 2.2 | 3.2 ± 1.0 | .895 |
| Amylase (U/L) | 562.8 ± 205.7 | 482.6 ± 91.1 | .723 |
| Treatment | |||
| Rate of ERP | 6 (55) | 22 (42) | .428 |
| Outcomes | |||
| Complications a | 9 (82) | 29 (55) | .096 |
| Pseudocyst b | 4 (36) | 6 (11) | |
| Pancreatic fistula b | 4 (36) | 22 (42) | |
| Abscess b | 2 (18) | 10 (19) | |
| Peritonitis b | 2 (18) | 2 (4) | |
| Conversion to surgery | 5 (45) | ||
| Hospital stay (d) | 77.3 ± 13.0 | 47.2 ± 5.7 | .038 |
| Mortality | 0 (0) | 2 (4) | .513 |
Frequency (%) for categorical variables.
Mean (standard deviation [SD]) for continuous variables.
Abbreviations: CRP, C‐reactive protein; ERP, endoscopic retrograde pancreatography; WBC, white blood cell.
a
Clavien–Dindo classification of grade IIIa or higher.
b
Overlapping distribution.