Table 2.
Clinical characteristics of 160 hospitalized COVID-19 patients who required admission to the ICU at King Saud University Medical City.
| Variables |
Count | Death in ICU | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 160 (%) | n = 73 (45.6%) | ||
| Initial admission | Ward then ICU | 78 (48.8) | 31 (42.5) |
| Direct to ICU | 82 (51.2) | 42 (57.5) | |
| Reason for ICU admission | Cardiac/respiratory arrest | 3 (1.9) | 1 (1.4) |
| Respiratory distress | 127 (79.4) | 56 (76.7) | |
| Hypotension | 9 (5.6) | 4 (5.5) | |
| Decreased level of consciousness | 5 (3.1) | 3 (4.1) | |
| Transferred from another hospital | 10 (6.3) | 7 (9.6) | |
| Others (Post-operative, DKA, severe electrolyte disturbances) | 6 (3.6) | 2 (2.7) | |
| Number of comorbid conditions. | Two or more comorbid conditions | 74 (46.3) | 42 (57.5) |
| One or no comorbid condition | 86 (53.8) | 31 (42.5) | |
| Temperature in the first 24 hours of hospital admission. | ≥38 °C | 52 (32.5) | 25 (34.2) |
| <38 °C | 108 (67.5) | 48 (65.8) | |
| Respiratory rate in the first 24 hours of hospital admission. | >24 bpm | 111 (69.4) | 46 (63) |
| ≤24 bpm | 49 (30.6) | 27 (37) | |
| Need for vasopressors | Yes | 61 (38.1) | 52 (71.2) |
| No | 99 (61.9) | 21 (28.8) | |
| Respiratory support | None | 6 (3.8) | 0 (0) |
| Facemask | 6 (3.8) | 0 (0) | |
| Non-invasive ventilation : HFNC, BIPAP, CPAP | 73 (45.6) | 9 (12.3) | |
| Invasive mechanical ventilation | 75 (46.9) | 64 (87.7) | |
| Median ventilator days (IQR) | 7 days (15) | ||
| Need for ECMO | Need for ECMO | 1 (0.6) | 1 (1.4) |
| Median ICU stay (IQR): 8 days (11) | |||
| Median hospital stay (IQR): 17 days (18) | |||
IQR: interquartile range, DKA: diabetic ketoacidosis, HFNC: high-flow nasal cannula, BIPAP: bilevel positive airway pressure, CPAP: continuous positive airway pressure, ECMO: extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.