Table 2.
Age stratified associations of risk factors with incident heart failure
| Parameter | Young (<55 years); 138 events/11 599 people | Middle aged (55-64 years); 293 events/5587 people | Old (65-74 years); 538 events/5190 people | Elderly (≥75 years); 412 events/2299 people | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P value | PAR, % | HR (95% CI) | P value | PAR, % | HR (95% CI) | P value | PAR, % | HR (95% CI) | P value | PAR, % | ||||
| Male sex | 1.51 (1.07 to 2.15) | 0.02 | 21 | 1.65 (1.29 to 2.10) | <0.001 | 25 | 1.65 (1.38 to 1.97) | <0.001 | 24 | 1.37 (1.11 to 1.68) | 0.003 | 13 | |||
| Obesity | 2.03 (1.39 to 2.96) | <0.001 | 21 | 1.69 (1.32 to 2.16) | <0.001 | 17 | 1.32 (1.09 to 1.60) | 0.004 | 8 | 1.73 (1.38 to 2.15) | <0.001 | 13 | |||
| Hypertension | 3.02 (2.10 to 4.34) | <0.001 | 35 | 2.23 (1.72 to 2.91) | <0.001 | 40 | 2.19 (1.76 to 2.73) | <0.001 | 44 | 1.43 (1.13 to 1.81) | 0.003 | 23 | |||
| Diabetes | 3.86 (2.39 to 6.23) | <0.001 | 14 | 2.93 (2.20 to 3.90) | <0.001 | 16 | 1.98 (1.59 to 2.46) | <0.001 | 12 | 1.66 (1.24 to 2.24) | <0.001 | 7 | |||
| Current smoking | 2.58 (1.83 to 3.63) | <0.001 | 32 | 1.25 (0.96 to 1.63) | 0.1 | 5 | 1.43 (1.15 to 1.77) | 0.001 | 6 | 1.21 (0.80 to 1.83) | 0.36 | 1 | |||
| Previous MI | 3.30 (1.77 to 6.14) | <0.001 | 6 | 4.40 (3.17 to 6.10) | <0.001 | 13 | 2.92 (2.28 to 3.74) | <0.001 | 11 | 1.35 (0.89 to 2.08) | 0.15 | 1 | |||
| Previous AF | 4.74 (1.44 to 15.6) | 0.01 | 2 | 2.62 (1.51 to 4.52) | <0.001 | 3 | 2.31 (1.67 to 3.21) | <0.001 | 5 | 2.26 (1.62 to 3.15) | <0.001 | 5 | |||
| Cumulative PAR, % | 75 | 77 | 76 | 53 | |||||||||||
AF=atrial fibrillation; HR=hazard ratio; MI=myocardial infarction; PAR=population attributable risk.