TABLE 2B.

Table 2 continued

Ecotron short name	No. sensors soil EC V × H	Sunlight transmission T vis, T UV	PPFD µmol/m2/s	CV PPFD%	Adjustable lamps intensity*	UV radiation %	Red/far‐red	Canopy air speed m/s	CO2 > 400 ppm*	CO2 pre‐industrial*	δ13C CO2*	O3*	NOx*
ExpoSCREEN, München		—	600	≤10	●	4–6.5	1.3–1.7	<2	●	●	●	●	●
EcoCELLs, Reno	□	0.8–0.9	s.l.	≤15	—	s.l.	s.l.	<2	●		●
Whole Tree Chambers, Richmond		0.93, 0.93	s.l.	Variable	—	s.l.	s.l.	0.3	●		●
Montpellier Ecotron, Macrocosms		0.92, 0.8	s.l.	10	—	s.l.	s.l.	1	●		●
Ile de France Ecotron EcoLab, Nemours	□	—	1000	<10	●	2	1.2	0.1–20	●	●	○	□	□
iDiv Ecotron, Leipzig		—	340	10	●	0.3%	1.0	<0.7	□		□
TUMmesa, München		—	1070	4	●	8.6	3.5	<0.25	●	□	●	●
UHasselt Ecotron, Hasselt	5 × 3	0.95, 0.95	s.l.	<10	—	s.l.	s.l.	1.52	●	●
TERRA Ecotron, Gembloux		—	1200	7	●	4.7	1.2	0.2	●			●
Montpellier Ecotron, Mesocosms		0.9, 0.8	s.l.	<10	—	s.l.	s.l.	<0.7	●	●	●
TerraXcube, Bolzano		—	1300	<10	●	tbd	tbd	2	●		○	○
AGRASIM, Jülich		—	1200	tbd	x	tbd	tbd	0–10	x	x	x	x
Antwerp Ecotron		0.9, 0.9	s.l.	tbd	—	s.l.	s.l.	tbd	x

s.l., sunlit facility; tbd, to be determined.

T°C, RH%, temperatures and relative humidity refers to day time or when the light are on. Some performances can only be reached under adequate outside climatic conditions (e.g. negative air temperatures not reachable in summer).

T°C, ψm, control of the soil temperature or matrix potential at the bottom of the lysimeter. It recreates near natural soil temperature and matrix potential profiles.

V × H, V is the number of positions of sensors vertically, H is the average number of sensors placed horizontally at each vertical position.

S, D, M, watering can be done by spray (S) with nozzle(s) above the canopy or by drip (D) with drippers on the soil surface, or manually (M).

SWC%, soil water content controlled via watering after measurements of water loss (weighing the lysimeters) or via soil humidity sensors in the soil profile.

T _vis, T _UV, sun light transmission by the containment structure in the visible range T _vis and in the UV range T _UV.

PPFD, maximum photosynthetic photon flux density at 50 cm below lamps when soil‐lamp distance is adjustable, or 50 cm above soil level when this distance is not adjustable.

CV PPFD, light homogeneity: variation coefficient of PPFD measured at several points uniformly distributed over the canopy area.

UV, (ratio radiation photons 280–400 nm/radiation photons 280–700 nm) × 100. This percentage is 6.6 for solar radiation (based on the standard solar spectrum AM1.5 expressed in photons).

red:far red ratio radiation photons 600–700 nm/radiation photons 700–800 nm. This percentage is 1.1 for solar radiation (based on the standard solar spectrum AM1.5 expressed in photons).

δ, (delta): ratio of stable isotopes in a given molecule (here ¹³C/¹²C in CO₂) in reference to a standard (Pee Dee Belemnite).