Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the entire study group (n=445).
| Variable | NTN (n=120) | Pre-HTN (n=125) | HTN (n=200) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 65.7±7.4 | 69.7±7.1* | 71.0±7.1* | <0.001 | |
| Age range | 50.1–82.3 | 51.9–87.9 | 51.1–91.2 | ||
| Education (years) | 16.8±2.3 | 16.7±2.1 | 16.7±2.5 | 0.90 | |
| Gender (n, %female) | 88, 73% | 76, 61% | 110, 55%* | 0.005 | |
| SBP (mmHg) | 108.2±7.7 | 125.1±7.2 | 133.6±17.6 | N/a | |
| DBP (mmHg) | 66.1±7.3 | 74.8±7.8 | 77.2±11.0 | N/a | |
| Mean Arterial Pressure (mmHg) | 80.0±6.6 | 91.5±5.8* | 95.9±11.6*† | <0.001 | |
| Pulse Pressure (mmHg) | 42.1±7.5 | 50.2±10.4* | 56.4±14.6*† | <0.001 | |
| BMI* | 24.6±4.0 | 26.1±4.4* | 27.7±6.1* | <0.001 | |
| Total cholesterol† (mg/dL) | 203.7±33.2 | 196.2±35.2 | 187.7±35.3* | <0.001 | |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol† (mg/dL) | 70.0±19.9 | 64.5±17.6 | 60.6±15.6* | <0.001 | |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol‡ (mg/dL) | 115.7±29.1 | 112.8±32.7 | 107.2±29.0* | 0.04 | |
| Triglycerides§ (mg/dL) | 89.5±39.9 | 95.9±49.1 | 100.7±45.6 | 0.06 | |
| Glucose|| (mg/dL) | 81.0±11.7 | 80.9±13.1 | 87.7±18.1*† | <0.001 | |
| Antihypertensive medication (n, %) | NA | NA | 158, 79% | N/a | |
| Statins (n, %) | 21, 17% | 33, 26% | 94, 47%*† | <0.001 | |
| Glucose lowering medications (n, %) | 1, 0.8% | 2, 1.6% | 17, 8.5%*† | 0.001 | |
| GCHD risk¶ (%) | 5.2±3.7 | 8.2±4.1* | 10.8±6.5*† | <0.001 | |
| Heart disease# (n, %) | 5, 4% | 4, 3% | 24, 12%† | 0.004 | |
| Cortical CBF** (ml/100g/min) | 60.0±0.54 | 58.8±0.52 | 58.1±0.41* | 0.02 | |
|
Hippocampal CBF** (ml/100g/min) |
64.9±0.87 | 64.1±0.85 | 63.6±0.67 | 0.49 | |
| Gray matter volume†† (% ICV) | 40.7±0.33 | 41.1±0.32 | 39.8±0.25† | 0.005 | |
| Hippocampal volume‡‡ (%ICV) | 0.263±0.003 | 0.262±0.003 | 0.256±0.002 | 0.05 | |
| PWML§§ (n, %) | 26, 22% | 37, 30% | 69, 35%* | 0.04 | |
| DWML§§ (n, %) | 17, 14% | 24, 19% | 50, 26% | 0.05 | |
Data is presented as mean ± standard deviation unless otherwise indicated. P values come from Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA or ANOVA (age). For categorical variables χ2 was used. Post hoc comparisons are performed with Bonferroni correction.
Signs in superscript:
n= 435 (NTN=118, Pre-HTN=122, HTN=195)
n= 427 (NTN=119, Pre-HTN=120, HTN=188)
n= 420 (NTN=114, Pre-HTN=119, HTN=187)
n= 426 (NTN=118, Pre-HTN=120, HTN=188)
n= 429 (NTN=119, Pre-HTN=121, HTN=189)
n= 419 (NTN=114, Pre-HTN=119, HTN=186)
n= 444 (NTN=120, Pre-HTN=125, HTN=199)
values presented as mean ± standard errors (SE), p values from ANCOVA after accounting for gender
n= 444, (NTN=120, Pre-HTN=124, HTN=200), values presented as mean±SE, p values from ANCOVA after accounting for age, gender and acquisition type
n= 442 (NTN=120, Pre-HTN=124, HTN=198), values presented as mean±SE, p values from ANCOVA after accounting for age, gender and acquisition type
n= 437 (NTN=118, Pre-HTN=124, HTN=195), data presented as % subject rated as moderate or severe lesions (score of 2 or 3 on the Fazekas scale)
For comparison between groups:
different from NTN group at p<0.05 corrected
different from Pre-HTN group at p<0.05 corrected