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. 2021 Jan 12;11(2):659–674. doi: 10.1007/s13346-020-00888-0

Fig. 10.

Fig. 10

Scheme of zeta potential analysis of nanoparticles in different dispersion media. Upon addition of a non-ionic stabilizer, a thick polymer layer is formed around the particles. Analysis in original dispersion medium analyses the charge of the particles in original state. Analysis in water analyses the charge close to the Stern layer (fixed layer). As the Stern potential is closely linked to the Nernst potential, differences in surface polarity of the particles can be discriminated