Table 2.

Difference in arterial calcification mass score and bone mineral density after 6 months of vitamin K treatment or placebo

Arterial calcification mass	Difference baseline and follow-up			Linear regression models adjusted for baseline measurements
	Vitamin K, N = 33	Placebo, N = 27	p	β [95% CI]
Intracranial internal carotid artery	0 [− 1; 5)	0 (− 0; 2)	0.76	− 0.03 [− 0.21; 0.15]
Common carotid artery	0 (− 0; 3)	0 (− 1; 0)	0.20	− 0.14 [− 0.48; 0.21]
Coronary arteries	5 (− 5; 12)	1 (− 4; 11)	0.68	− 0.01 [− 0.20; 0.17]
Aorta	40 (− 30; 125)	11 (0; 47)	0.55	0.02 [− 0.06; 0.11]
Iliac arteries	25 (6; 87)	5 (− 4; 30)	0.07	− 0.02 [− 0.08; 0.05]
Leg arteries	35 (− 8; 99)	7 (0; 47)	0.62	− 0.03 [− 0.21; 0.14]
Total arterial calcification score	84 (− 37; 206)	36 (1; 129)	0.38	− 0.02 [− 0.10; 0.06]
Bone mineral density
Thoracic	5 (− 3; 15)	− 2 (− 5; 12)	0.28	− 1.95 [− 11.65; 7.75]
Lumbar	3 (− 5; 18)	1 (− 5; 6)	0.55	− 2.40 [− 11.26; 6.64]
Total BMD	3 (− 2; 16)	− 1 (− 5; 10)	0.24	− 2.06 [− 11.26; 7.30]

Data ares presented as median (IQR) for non-normally distributed variables. The difference in arterial calcification mass score progression and BMD decline between the vitamin K and placebo groups were estimated with the Mann–Whitney U test. In addition, to adjust for baseline differences, linear regression models were built with vitamin K and placebo treatment and log-transformed calcification mass or BMD at baseline as the determinants and log-transformed calcification mass or BMD after 6 months of follow-up as the outcome