TABLE 2.

NLRP3 inhibitors and possible mechanisms of action.

NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor compounds	Possible mechanism of action	Neurodegeneration research
MCC950	Walker B motif interaction and inhibition of ATP hydrolysis	Fiala et al. (2002), Heneka et al. (2013), Liu and Wang (2017), Flores et al. (2018), Tzeng et al. (2018), Antonyová et al. (2020)
Anti-ASC antibody	Directly binds to ASC specks	Daniels et al. (2016)
Anakinra	Directly binds to IL-1 receptor, blocking IL-1β function	Kadhim et al. (2016), Meissner et al. (2010)
17β-estradiol	Unknown	Bellezza et al. (2018)
Dopamine	Binds to dopamine D1 receptor, inducing ubiquitination of NLRP3	Rushworth et al. (2013)
Kaempferol	NF-κB inhibition and ASC oligomerisation inhibition	Elliott et al. (2018)
VX-765	Inhibits caspase-1	Venegas et al. (2017)
zVAD-fmk	Inhibits caspase-1	Zhao et al. (2017)