TABLE 3.
Pre, post, and delta within and between groups.
| CTL (n = 76) |
RT (n = 81) |
Delta CTL – Delta RT |
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| Variables | Pre | Post | Delta | Pre | Post | Delta | Estimate (95% CI) | ES | P-value |
| Body mass (kg) | 72.7 ± 14.5 | 73.1 ± 15.4 | 0.42 ± 2.29 | 73.9 ± 16.6 | 71.7 ± 14.4 | −2.2 ± 4.92 | 2.63(1.43−3.83) | 0.68 | 0.874 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.8 ± 2.9 | 26.9 ± 3.2 | 0.13 ± 0.81 | 27.2 ± 3.7 | 26.5 ± 3.2 | −0.74 ± 1.77 | 0.88(0.45−1.31) | 0.6 | 0.543 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 95.4 ± 12.0 | 98.2 ± 12.0 | 2.71 ± 1.44 | 95.6 ± 11.7 | 92.7 ± 9.6 | −2.92 ± 3.88 | 5.63(4.72−6.55) | 1.9 | 0.034 |
| Handgrip (kgf) | 20.0 ± 5.1 | 19.7 ± 5.5 | −0.34 ± 1.77 | 21.1 ± 4.3 | 27.1 ± 4.3‡ | 6 ± 2.8 | −6.34(−7.07to−5.6) | 0.9 | <0.0001 |
| Fat-free mass (kg) | 42.6 ± 4.7 | 42.3 ± 5.1 | −0.23 ± 1.46 | 43.0 ± 5.6 | 44.8 ± 6.5 | 1.78 ± 2.65 | −2.01(−2.69to−1.34) | 1.5 | 0.046 |
| Body fat (kg) | 30.1 ± 9.9 | 30.8 ± 10.5 | 0.66 ± 1.35 | 30.8 ± 11.0 | 26.8 ± 8.2 | −3.99 ± 3.81 | 4.65(3.76−5.55) | 2.7 | 0.079 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 11.7 ± 1.1 | 11.8 ± 1.2 | 0.04 ± 0.51 | 11.8 ± 1.3 | 12.4 ± 1.1 | 0.51 ± 0.61 | −0.47(−0.65to−0.29) | 0.9 | 0.032 |
| Iron (mg/dL) | 68.6 ± 14.4 | 67.6 ± 15.3 | −1 ± 20.16 | 66.4 ± 16.1 | 88.6 ± 18.7‡, | 22.22 ± 24.71 | −23.22(−30.36to−16.08) | 1.0 | <0.0001 |
| Ferritin (ng/mL) | 401.7 ± 165.2 | 399.6 ± 165.0 | −2.17 ± 11.74 | 456.1 ± 133.5 | 400.7 ± 126.5 | −55.4 ± 53.18 | 53.23(41.18−65.27) | 1.3 | 0.055 |
| TBARS (mM) | 13.2 ± 2.4 | 13.6 ± 2.6 | 0.39 ± 1.8 | 14.1 ± 2.3 | 11.0 ± 2.9‡, | −3.1 ± 1.8 | 3.51(2.92−4.09) | 1.8 | <0.0001 |
| GSH (mM) | 4.6 ± 1.9 | 5.0 ± 2.9 | 0.33 ± 2 | 4.2 ± 1.8 | 9.3 ± 2.0‡, | 5.1 ± 1.1 | −4.77(−5.3to−4.23) | 2.9 | <0.0001 |
| TEAC (mM) | 626.9 ± 191.5 | 589.5 ± 195.8 | −37.4 ± 36.5 | 596.2 ± 218.2 | 680.7 ± 225.2 | 84.5 ± 62.7 | −121.99(−138.08to−105.89) | 2.3 | 0.014 |
Data expressed by mean ± standard deviation. CTL: control group; RT: resistance training; CI: confidence interval; ES: effect size (cohens’ d) BMI: body mass index; TBARS: thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; GSH: glutathione; TEAC: Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity. Kruskall-Wallis followed by Dunns post hoc tests were applied to compare CTL vs RT group.; ‡p < 0.0001 vs. CTL-post.