Table 3.
Clinical and radiological characteristics between benign and malignant parotid gland tumors in the training and test sets.
| Variable | Training set (n=87) | Test set (n = 38) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benign (n=61) | Malignant (n =26) | P value | Benign (n=27) | Malignant (n =11) | P value | ||
| Age (years) | 52.2 ± 17.5 | 53.4 ± 15.4 | 0.781 | 53.9 ± 16.4 | 57.6 ± 10.3 | 0.496 | |
| Duration (months) | 31.3 ± 59.2 | 33.2 ± 70.5 | 0.893 | 25.2 ± 56.3 | 11.7 ± 15.7 | 0.44 | |
| Maximum diameter (cm) | 25 ± 11.9 | 28.3 ± 11.8 | 0.234 | 27.3 ± 22.7 | 34.5 ± 20.6 | 0.37 | |
| Sex [n (%)] | Male | 30 (49.2) | 9 (34.6) | 0.211 | 18 (66.7) | 6 (54.5) | 0.482 |
| Female | 31(50.8) | 17 (65.4) | 9(33.3) | 5(45.5) | |||
| Smoking [n (%)] | Yes | 15 (24.6) | 3 (11.5) | 0.169 | 10 (37) | 3(27.3) | 0.565 |
| No | 46(75.4) | 23 (88.5) | 17 (63) | 8 (72.7) | |||
| Distribution | Single | 52(85.2) | 24 (92.3) | 0.364 | 25(92.6) | 10 (90.9) | 0.861 |
| Bilateral | 9 (14.8) | 2 (7.7) | 2 (7.4) | 1 (9.1) | |||
| Location | Deep | 4(6.6) | 11 (42.3) | <0.001* | 4(14.8) | 5 (45.5) | 0.044* |
| Shallow | 57 (93.4) | 15 (57.7) | 23 (85.2) | 6(54.5) | |||
| Shape | Round | 10(16.4) | 5 (19.2) | 0.748 | 8(29.6) | 2 (18.2) | 0.467 |
| Non-rounded | 51 (83.6) | 21 80.8) | 19 (70.4) | 9 (81.8) | |||
| Capsule | Yes | 32 (52.5) | 8 (30.8) | 0.063 | 13 (48.1) | 4 (36.4) | 0.508 |
| No | 29(47.5) | 18 (69.2) | 14(51.9) | 7 (63.6) | |||
| Regularity | Yes | 31(50.8) | 9 (34.6) | 0.165 | 17(63) | 6 (54.5) | 0.63 |
| No | 30 (49.2) | 17(65.4) | 10 (37) | 5 (45.5) | |||
| Border | Clear | 38(62.3) | 9 (34.6) | 0.018* | 19(70.4) | 5 (45.5) | 0.149 |
| Unclear | 23 (37.7) | 17(65.4) | 8 (29.6) | 6 (54.5) | |||
| Density | Hypodense | 26(42.6) | 10 (38.5) | 0.718 | 11(40.7) | 4 (36.4) | 0.802 |
| Iso-hyperdense | 35 (57.4) | 16 61.5) | 16(59.3) | 7(63.6) | |||
| Enhancement | Yes | 55 (90.2) | 24 (92.3) | 0.751 | 25 (92.6) | 11 (100) | 0.354 |
| No | 6(9.8) | 2 (7.7) | 2(7.4) | 0 (0) | |||
| Marked Enhancement | Yes | 40 (65.6) | 20 (76.9) | 0.295 | 17 (63) | 7 (63.6) | 0.969 |
| No | 21(34.4) | 6 (23.1) | 10(37) | 4 (36.4) | |||
| Cystic degeneration | Yes | 28 (45.9) | 11 (42.3) | 0.758 | 12 (44.4) | 6 (54.5) | 0.572 |
| No | 33(54.1) | 15 (57.7) | 15(55.6) | 5 (45.5) | |||
| Lymphadenopathy | Yes | 5 (8.2) | 9 (34.6) | 0.002* | 4 (14.8) | 4 (36.4) | 0.139 |
| No | 56(91.8) | 17 (65.4) | 23(85.2) | 7 (63.6) | |||
| Hemorrhage | Yes | 0 (0) | 1 (3.8) | 0.123 | 1 (3.7) | 0 (0) | 0.518 |
| No | 61(100) | 25 96.2) | 26(96.3) | 11 (100) | |||
| Calcification | Yes | 2 (3.3) | 2 (7.7) | 0.368 | 1 (3.7) | 0 (0) | 0.518 |
| No | 59(96.7) | 24 92.3) | 26(96.3) | 11 (100) | |||
| Heterogeneity | Yes | 24(39.3) | 8 (30.8) | 0.448 | 12(44.4) | 2 (18.2) | 0.128 |
| No | 37 (60.7) | 18(69.2) | 15 (55.6) | 9 (81.8) | |||
*represents P < 0.05.