Table 2.
Primary and secondary outcomes at baseline (pre), reassessment (post), change score, and effect size. Data reported as mean (standard deviation). ISI: Insomnia Severity Index; PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; MFIS: Modified Fatigue Impact Scale; FSS: Fatigue Severity Scale; SSE: Sleep Self-efficacy; PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire, 9 items; GAD-7: Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment, 7 items; ES = Effect Size
| CBT-I | Active Control | Brief Education | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre | Post | Change | p | ES | Pre | Post | Change | p | ES | Pre | Post | Change | p | ES | |
| Primary Outcomes | |||||||||||||||
| ISI | 18.1 (4.0) | 4.8 (2.5) | −13.8 (5.8) | <.001 | 2.729 | 13.7 (3.7) | 7.9 (3.5) | −5.8 (5.7) | .002 | 1.018 | 17.1 (2.7) | 10.0 (2.9) | −8.1 (4.4) | <.001 | 2.570 |
| PSQI | 13.1 (3.4) | 6.4 (2.6) | −6.7 (2.9) | <.001 | 2.314 | 9.4 (2.9) | 8.5 (2.6) | −0.9 | .269 | 0.506 | 12.5 (1.7) | 7.9 (1.8) | −4.6 (2.6) | <.001 | 1.672 |
| MFIS | 34.1 (18.2) | 14.8 (8.8) | −19.3 (18.2) | <.001 | 1.064 | 31.2 (17.9) | 29.5 (16.8) | −1.7 (8.9) | .716 | 0.192 | 50.7 (10.1) | 32.6 (14.1) | −18.1 (15.2) | 0.001 | 1.191 |
| FSS | 33.9 (14.7) | 25.4 (7.6) | −8.5 (16.2) | .043 | 0.524 | 34.4 (16.5) | 31.0 (17.3) | −3.4 (10.4) | .404 | 0.325 | 44.7 (10.4) | 41.6 (12.7) | −3.1 (10.5) | .446 | 0.292 |
| Secondary Outcomes | |||||||||||||||
| SSE | 24.3 (5.3) | 35.5 (5.7) | 11.2 (9.2) | <.001 | 1.221 | 29.0 (3.7) | 30.1 (4.2) | 1.1 (5.5) | .639 | 0.197 | 25.5 (6.2) | 30.4 (6.8) | 4.9 (6.6) | .044 | 0.740 |
| PHQ-9 | 7.5 (3.6) | 2.8 (4.3) | −7.0 (6.5) | <.001 | 0.798 | 5.8 (4.2) | 5.4 (4.0) | −0.4 | .777 | 0.212 | 8.2 (1.8) | 5.9 (3.3) | −4.7 (3.5) | .002 | 0.559 |
| GAD-7 | 5.2 (3.3) | 3.3 (4.2) | −7.0 (6.5) | .049 | 0.549 | 4.2 (4.0) | 4.2 (2.7) | 0.0 (2.4) | 1.00 | 0.000 | 4.8 (3.0) | 4.3 (4.0) | −0.5 | .592 | 0.181 |