Table 1.
Baseline characteristic of the patients included in the analysis before and after propensity matching.
| Variable no. (%) | Unadjusted cohort | Adjusted cohort* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No ESRD† 1,115,680 |
ESRD 27,355 |
p value | No ESRD† (25,055) |
ESRD (25,125) |
p value | |
| Age (mean [SD]) years | 65.1(14.01) | 66.8(12.4) | <0.01 | 66.9(13.9) | 66.74(12.4) | 0.13 |
| Female | 385,610(34.6) | 11,515(42.1) | <0.01 | 10,640(42.5) | 10,600(42.2) | 0.53 |
| Race | ||||||
| Caucasian | 811,990(77.6) | 13,580(51.8) | <0.01 | 13,540(54.0) | 13,130(52.3) | 0.01 |
| African American | 91,290(8.7) | 6570(25.1) | 6095(24.3) | 6285(25.0) | ||
| Hispanics | 76,905(7.3) | 3610(13.8) | 3280(13.1) | 3450(13.7) | ||
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 26,255(2.5) | 1235(4.7) | 1085(4.3) | 1145(4.6) | ||
| Native American | 5265(0.5) | 270(1.0) | 195(0.8) | 200(0.8) | ||
| AHRQ§ medical comorbidity | ||||||
| Anemia (deficiency) | 139,365(12.5) | 15,245(55.7) | <0.01 | 13,650(54.5) | 13,945(55.5) | 0.2 |
| Anemia (blood loss) | 7890(0.7) | 380(1.4) | <0.01 | 335(1.3) | 355(1.4) | 0.5 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 196,810(17.6) | 5765(21.1) | <0.01 | 5480(21.9) | 5355(21.3) | 0.5 |
| Congestive heart failure | 69,580(6.2) | 5310(19.4) | <0.01 | 4460(17.8) | 4855(19.3) | 0.01 |
| Coagulopathy | 67,125(6.0) | 3705(13.5) | <0.01 | 3290(13.1) | 3375(13.4) | 0.32 |
| Diabetes mellitus (complicated) | 68,160(6.1) | 8540(31.2) | <0.01 | 7310(29.2) | 7725(30.7) | 0.01 |
| Hypertension | 738,700(66.2) | 23,010(84.1) | <0.01 | 20,955(83.6) | 21,175(84.3) | 0.05 |
| Chronic liver disease | 17,820(1.6) | 1175(4.3) | <0.01 | 1015(4.1) | 1070(4.3) | 0.24 |
| Obesity | 158,850(14.2) | 3765(13.8) | 0.03 | 3585(14.3) | 3430(13.7) | 0.04 |
| Peripheral vascular disorders | 102,580(9.2) | 6450(23.6) | 5510(22.0) | 5780(23.0) | 0.01 | |
| Neurological disorders | 69,050(6.2) | 2610(9.5) | <0.01 | 2195(8.8) | 2400(9.6) | 0.01 |
| Paralysis | 21,935(2.0) | 1075(3.9) | <0.01 | 915(3.7) | 995(4.0) | 0.07 |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 1720(0.2) | 100(0.4) | <0.01 | 95(0.4) | 85(0.3) | 0.44 |
| Pulmonary circulation disorders | 12,575(1.1) | 1020(3.7) | <0.01 | 960(3.8) | 905(3.6) | 0.17 |
| Valvular disorder | 20,360(1.8) | 1585(5.8) | <0.01 | 1405(5.6) | 1440(5.7) | 0.55 |
| Weight loss | 40,435(3.6) | 2840(10.4) | <0.01 | 2325(9.3) | 2570(10.2) | <0.05 |
| Hospital location | ||||||
| Rural | 101,570(9.1) | 1910(7.0) | <0.01 | 1895(7.6) | 1725(6.9) | <0.05 |
| Urban non-teaching | 366,420(32.8) | 8890(32.5) | 8385(33.5) | 8390(33.4) | ||
| Urban teaching | 647,800(58.1) | 16,560(60.5) | 14,775(59.0) | 15,010(59.7) | ||
| Bed size of the hospital | ||||||
| Small | 148,910(13.3) | 3190(11.7) | <0.01 | 2795(11.2) | 2910(11.6) | 0.11 |
| Medium | 303,690(27.2) | 7780(28.4) | 7005(28.0) | 7135(28.4) | ||
| Large | 663,190(59.4) | 16,390(59.9) | 15,255(60.9) | 15,080(60.0) | ||
| Region | ||||||
| New England | 51,165(4.6) | 1080(3.9) | <0.01 | 1055(4.2) | 1025(4.1) | 0.01 |
| Mid-Atlantic | 142,940(12.8) | 3785(13.8) | 3635(14.5) | 3640(14.5) | ||
| East North Central | 182,945(16.4) | 3590(13.1) | 3405(13.6) | 3255(13.0) | ||
| West North Central | 84,715(7.6) | 1555(5.7) | 1150(4.6) | 1180(4.7) | ||
| South Atlantic | 224,635(20.1) | 5920(21.6) | 5365(21.4) | 5580(22.2) | ||
| East South Central | 94,950(8.5) | 1775(6.5) | 1870(7.5) | 1720(6.8) | ||
| West South Central | 122,345(11.0) | 3490(12.8) | 3420(13.6) | 3355(13.4) | ||
| Mountain | 71,825(6.4) | 1460(5.3) | 1175(4.7) | 1200(4.8) | ||
| Pacific | 140,270(12.6) | 4705(17.2) | 3980(15.9) | 4170(16.6) | ||
| Median household income percentile | ||||||
| 0–25th | 318,510(29.2) | 9915(37.0) | <0.01 | 9365(37.4) | 9440(37.6) | 0.5 |
| 26–50th | 297,590(27.3) | 6690(24.9) | 6250(24.9) | 6255(24.9) | ||
| 51–75th | 261,415(24.0) | 5665(21.1) | 5135(20.5) | 5230(20.8) | ||
| 76–100th | 213,750(19.6) | 4555(17.0) | 4305(17.2) | 4200(16.7) | ||
*
All variables were matched within 0.2 SD.
†
End stage renal disease.
§
Agency for Health Care Research and Quality.