Table 2.

Results of Cox proportional hazard model analysis of survival data

	Univariate analysis						Multivariate analysis (n = 112)
variables	n	estimates	S.E.	HR	95% CI	p	estimates	S.E.	HR	95% CI	p
QLQ-C15-PAL
Physical Functioning	125	−0.001	0.004	0.999	0.991–1.006	.738
Emotional Functioning	129	0.001	0.003	1.001	0.994–1.008	.809
Dyspnea	130	0.010	0.003	1.010	1.005–1.016	< .001**	0.012	0.003	1.012	1.005–1.019	< .001**
Pain	129	−0.0004	0.003	1.000	0.994–1.005	.878
Insomnia	130	0.001	0.003	1.001	0.996–1.006	.608
Appetite Loss	130	0.005	0.003	1.005	1.000–1.010	.073
Constipation	128	0.0003	0.003	1.000	0.995–1.006	.922
Fatigue	129	0.011	0.003	1.011	1.004–1.017	.002**	0.009	0.004	1.009	1.001–1.016	.024*
Nausea/Vomiting	130	0.002	0.003	1.002	0.995–1.008	.597
QOL	124	−0.007	0.004	0.993	0.986–1.000	.055
Inflammatory Biomarkers
CRP	126	0.049	0.014	1.050	1.022–1.079	< .001**
Alb	126	−0.465	0.171	0.628	0.449–0.878	.007**	−0.457	0.180	0.633	0.445–0.902	.011*
NLR	122	0.017	0.003	1.017	1.012–1.023	< .001**	0.015	0.003	1.015	1.009–1.021	< .001**

*p < .05, **p < .01; estimates = regression coefficients, S.E.: Standard errors of estimates; all QLQ-C15-PAL scale scores were linearly transformed, and the resultant scores ranged from 0 to 100. Alb albumin, CI confidence interval, CRP C-reactive protein, HR hazard ratio, NLR neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, QLQ-C15-PAL European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 15 Palliative Care, QOL quality of life