Table 4.
Immunotherapies in AML
| Modality | Targets | Agents | Clinical setting | Efficacy | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Checkpoint inhibitors | CTLA-4 | Ipilimumab | Relapse after SCT | CR in 4/12 with extramedullary relapse | [86] |
| PD-1/PD-L1 | Nivolumab | R/R AML | ORR of 33% | [87] | |
| Durvalumab | ND AML | No difference between Durvalumab + AZA vs AZA alone | [88] | ||
| Nivolumab | maintenance |
Promising from single arm Phase II Randomized Phase II in CR1 is pending |
[89] | ||
| Macrophage “Do not eat me” | CD47 | Magrolimab | ND AML |
ORR: 65% ORR: 71% for TP53 mutated AML |
[90] |
| Leukemia stem cell | Tim-3 | MBG453 + HMA |
ND AML R/R AML |
With AZA: ORR: 29% for ND and R/R With Decitabine: ORR: 41% for ND ORR: 24% R/R |
[91] |
| ADC | CD123 | IMGN632 | R/R AML | ORR: 18% | [92] |
| BiTE/DART | CD123 | Flotetuzumab | R/R AML | ORR: 42% | [93] |
| Vibecotamab | R/R AML | ORR: 15%; 26% with low burden disease | [94] | ||
| CAR T | Various targets: CD33, CD123, | All in the early phase | R/R AML | Too early to tell | NA |