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. 2021 Mar 24;129(3):037005. doi: 10.1289/EHP8719

Table 2.

Exposure characteristics of the study population for all 19,348 participants of the Gazel cohort and according to their cancer status (all-site cancer) over the period 1999–2015.

Number of participants All individuals Individuals with a diagnosed cancer (all-site): p-Valuea
No Yes
19,348 15,637 3,711
Annual mean Median 25th percentile 75th percentile IQR Median 25th percentile 75th percentile IQR Median 25th percentile 75th percentile IQR
Baseline Black carbon (105/m) 2.65 2.23 3.33 1.10 2.65 2.23 3.34 1.11 2.63 2.22 3.27 1.05 0.351
PM2.5 (μg/m3) 33.3 30.1 37.8 7.7 33.3 30.1 37.8 7.7 33.2 29.9 37.7 7.8 0.075
NO2 (μg/m3) 39.3 28.4 52.4 24.0 39.5 28.4 52.6 24.2 38.9 28.2 51.8 23.6 0.073
Black carbon residuals
 Regressed on PM2.5 0.00 0.13 0.13 0.26 0.00 0.13 0.13 0.26 0.01 0.13 0.13 0.26 0.858
 Regressed on NO2 0.20 0.28 0.13 0.15 0.20 0.28 0.13 0.15 0.20 0.27 0.12 0.15 0.037
At censoring Black carbon (105/m) 1.82 1.52 2.34 0.82 1.77 1.49 2.26 0.77 2.04 1.67 2.61 0.94 <0.001
PM2.5 (μg/m3) 21.1 18.9 24.7 5.7 20.8 18.7 23.8 5.1 23.9 20.1 28.8 8.7 <0.001
NO2 (μg/m3) 26.0 18.3 36.2 17.9 25.3 17.9 35.0 17.1 29.5 20.2 41.5 21.3 <0.001
Black carbon residuals
 Regressed on PM2.5 0.04 0.17 0.09 0.26 0.05 0.18 0.09 0.27 0.01 0.15 0.14 0.29 <0.001
 Regressed on NO2 0.07 0.03 0.17 0.20 0.08 0.01 0.17 0.18 0.02 0.09 0.13 0.22 <0.001

Note: All-site cancer cases were defined as the whole ICD-10 chapter except C77–79 (secondary malignant neoplasms) and C44 (nonmelanoma skin cancers). Participants were excluded from the analysis if they were diagnosed with cancer before 1999. Exposures were lagged 10 y. IQR: Interquartile range.

a

p-Value of Wilcoxon tests for differences between participants diagnosed with all-site cancer or not.