Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and symptoms of 5448 outpatients and inpatients with COVID-19, MHS, 28 February—20 June 2020
| Total N = 5448 | Home n = 4178 | Hotel n = 652 | Hospital n = 618 | P1–2-3 | P1–2 | P1–3 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (Yr)—median (IQR) | 33 {21,52} | 32 {20, 50} | 23 {18, 37} | 58.5 {44, 72} | 0.000 | 0.000 | |
| Gender, Male—no. (%) | 3002 (55.1) | 2235 (53.5) | 389 (59.7) | 377 (61.0) | 0.000 | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| SES ‡ (n = 5440)—mean, SD | 5.09 ± 2.03 | 5.15 ± 2.04 | 4.33 ± 1.69 | 5.52 ± 2.09 | 0.000 | 0.000 | |
| BMI (n = 4146)—mean, SD | 26.86 ± 5.76 | 26.36 ± 5.69 | 25.69 ± 5.64 | 28.93 ± 5.76 | 0.001 | 0.000 | |
| Current Smoker § (n = 4469)—no. (%) | 321 (7.2) | 225 (6.6) | 51 (10.6) | 45 (7.6) | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Past Smoker § (n = 4606)—no. (%) | 990 (21.4) | 699 (19.8) | 111 (22.0) | 180 (30.0) | 0.000 | 0.553 | 0.000 |
| Pregnancy no. | 90 | 75 | 8 | 7 | |||
| Comorbidities (n = 5446)—no. (%) | |||||||
| Diabetes | 404 (7.4) | 211 (5.1) | 24 (3.7) | 169 (27.4) | 0.000 | 0.130 | 0.000 |
| Hypertension | 706 (13) | 442 (10.6) | 35 (5.4) | 229 (37.1) | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| COPD | 46 (0.8) | 24 (0.6) | 3 (0.5) | 19 (3.1) | 0.000 | 0.715 | 0.000 |
| Cancer | 223 (4.1) | 127 (3) | 10 (1.5) | 86 (13.9) | 0.000 | 0.031 | 0.000 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 185 (3.4) | 86 (2.1) | 9 (1.4) | 90 (14.6) | 0.000 | 0.246 | 0.000 |
| Immunosuppress. status I | 92 (1.7) | 48 (1.1) | 3 (0.5) | 41 (6.6) | 0.000 | 0.109 | 0.000 |
| CKD II | 25 (0.5) | 6 (0.1) | 0 | 19 (3.1) | 0.000 | 0.333 | 0.000 |
| Dementia | 57 (1.0) | 17 (0.4) | 2 (0.3) | 38 (6.2) | 0.000 | 0.704 | 0.000 |
| IBD | 44 (0.8) | 32 (0.8) | 4 (0.6) | 10 (1.6) | 0.076 | 0.674 | 0.000 |
| Asplenia | 4 (0.1) | 3 (0.1) | 0 | 1 (0.2) | 0.565 | 0.494 | 0.033 |
| Obesity III | 1089 (26.3) | 761 (24.4) | 100 (22) | 228 (39.8) | 0.000 | 0.260 | 0.469 |
| Underweight IV | 53 (1.3) | 41 (1.3) | 9 (2) | 3 (0.5) | 0.109 | 0.258 | 0.000 |
| No. of Comorbidities Mean, SD | 0, 0.53 ± 0.96 | 0, 0.42 ± 0.81 | 0, 0.29 ± 0.64 | 1, 1.51 ± 1.50 | |||
| Hospitalization in past year, Mean, SD | 1, 1.88 ± 2.11 | 1, 1.37 ± 0.75 | 1, 2.45 ± 2.34 | 2, 3.5 ± 3.94 | |||
| Symptoms (n = 3521)—no. (%) | |||||||
| No symptoms | 546 (15.5) | 417 (16.7) | 90 (21.7) | 39 (6.4) | 0.000 | 0.014 | 0.000 |
| Fever† | 1569 (45.3) | 1061 (42.5) | 132 (31.8) | 403 (65.8) | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Cough | 1551 (44) | 1033 (41.4) | 170 (41) | 348 (57) | 0.000 | 0.854 | 0.000 |
| Weakness | 754 (21.4) | 502 (20.1) | 80 (19.3) | 172 (28.1) | 0.000 | 0.708 | 0.000 |
| Myalgia | 522 (14.8) | 392 (15.7) | 45 (10.8) | 85 (13.9) | 0.024 | 0.010 | 0.000 |
| Smell disturbances | 493 (14) | 397 (15.9) | 68 (16.4) | 28 (4.6) | 0.000 | 0.821 | 0.214 |
| Taste disturbances | 440 (12.5) | 354 (14.2) | 55 (13.3) | 30 (4.9) | 0.000 | 0.599 | 0.000 |
| Rhinitis | 410 (11.6) | 305 (12.2) | 53 (12.8) | 52 (8.5) | 0.020 | 0.754 | 0.000 |
| Sore throat | 404 (11.4) | 295 (11.8) | 52 (12.5) | 58 (9.5) | 0.135 | 0.679 | 0.007 |
| Headache | 353 (11.2) | 25 (11.4) | 56 (13.5) | 54 (8.8) | 0.043 | 0.226 | 0.062 |
| Subjective shortness of breath | 296 (8.4) | 130 (5.2) | 27 (6.5) | 139 (22.7) | 0.000 | 0.279 | 0.000 |
| Diarrhea¶ | 271 (7.7) | 177 (7.1) | 27 (6.5) | 65 (1.6) | 0.009 | 0.645 | 0.004 |
| Nausea | 63 (1.8) | 37 (6) | 6 (1.4) | 20 (3.3) | 0.026 | 0.906 | 0.009 |
1—Home, 2—Hotel, 3—Hospital
SES ‡—Socio-economic status—defined by the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Low: 1–3. Medium 4–6, High 7–10, § ≥15 years old.
IImmunosuppression status—Congenital or acquired immunodeficiency, HIV infection, iatrogenic immunosuppression, immunosuppressive therapy including chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
IICKD—Chronic kidney disease, estimated glomerular filtration rate, eGFR < 30
IIIObesity—BMI kg/cm2 ≥ 30
IVUnderweight—BMI < 17
†Fever: 38.0°C or more.
¶Diarrhea: 3 or more loose stools per day.