Table 2.

Number of deaths, age-standardized mortality rates (/100 000 hab) and rate ratios (95% CI) of COVID-19 according to education attainment, sex, race, household density, household income, percentage of households in subnormal areas and age group, São Paulo city, March–September 2020

Variables	Age group
	All ages				<60				≥60
	n	ASR	RR	95% CI	n	ASR	RR	95% CI	n	ASR	RR	95% CI
Population with university degree (%)
<8.61	5301	151.6	2.23	2.13–2.34	1477	40.2	4.02	3.42–4.72	3824	1072.3	1.96	1.86–2.06
8.61–13.20	4812	130.8	1.92	1.83–2.02	1127	34.5	3.45	2.92–4.08	3685	926.5	1.69	1.61–1.78
13.21–19.20	3308	122.2	1.73	1.65–1.82	610	32.5	3.25	2.75–3.84	2698	863.2	1.58	1.49–1.66
19.21–34.80	2940	101.8	1.57	1.48–1.67	436	22.7	2.27	1.89–2.72	2504	755.3	1.38	1.31–1.46
>34.80	2277	68.0	Ref.	Ref.	169	10.0	Ref.	Ref.	2108	547.7	Ref.	Ref.
Sex
Male	10 670	173.4	1.84	1.79–1.90	2579	72.2	2.00	1.88–2.13	8086	1713.3	1.76	1.70–1.82
Female	8824	94.2	Ref.	Ref.	1494	36.1	Ref.	Ref.	7329	974.3	Ref.	Ref.
Race a
White	11 946	106.2	Ref.	Ref.	1979	25.5	Ref.	Ref.	9964	772.7	Ref.	Ref.
Black	1793	188.1	1.77	1.67–1.88	475	54.0	2.12	1.85–2.42	1317	1296.2	1.68	1.56–1.80
Asian	444	66.7	0.63	0.58–0.68	42	12.0	0.47	0.38–0.59	402	518.5	0.67	0.62–0.73
Mixed	4644	150.8	1.42	1.37–1.47	1416	41.4	1.62	1.51–1.75	3226	1055.2	1.37	1.31–1.43
Indigenous	13	96.2	0.91	0.54–1.52	5	46.2	1.81	0.56–5.81	8	509.7	0.66	0.38–1.15
Mean household density (persons/room)
<2.71	2340	69.9	Ref.	Ref.	182	10.4	Ref.	Ref.	2158	561.3	Ref.	Ref.
2.71–2.88	3720	107.7	1.54	1.46–1.62	618	26.5	2.55	2.18–2.97	3102	778.7	1.39	1.31–1.47
2.89–2.99	3918	112.0	1.60	1.52–1.69	845	30.8	2.96	2.57–3.41	3073	857.2	1.53	1.45–1.61
3.00–3.07	4235	141.5	2.02	1.92–2.13	994	38.1	3.66	3.21–4.18	3241	995.7	1.77	1.68–1.87
>3.07	4425	146.8	2.10	2.00–2.21	1180	39.4	3.79	3.55–4.28	3245	1034.2	1.84	1.74–1.95
Population with monthly income <1/4 minimum wage (%)
<5.34	2780	88.6	Ref.	Ref.	330	17.2	Ref.	Ref.	2450	678.9	Ref.	Ref.
5.34–6.77	3456	107.1	1.21	1.15–1.27	574	26.8	1.56	1.37–1.77	2882	770.9	1.14	1.08–1.20
6.78–8.28	2838	99.3	1.12	1.06–1.18	466	24.7	1.44	1.26–1.64	2372	715.6	1.05	1.00–1.12
8.29–10.65	4965	133.8	1.51	1.44–1.58	1131	34.1	1.98	1.78–2.21	3834	958.2	1.41	1.34–1.48
>10.65	4599	149.6	1.69	1.61–1.77	1318	40.4	2.35	2.12–2.60	3281	1052.0	1.55	1.47–1.63
Percentage of households in subnormal areas (%)
<0.65	2501	83.1	Ref.	Ref.	274	16.5	Ref.	Ref.	2227	633.5	Ref.	Ref.
0.65–3.05	2579	100.0	1.20	1.14–1.27	388	25.2	1.53	1.31–1.79	2191	718.2	1.13	1.07–1.20
3.06–6.67	4249	129.2	1.55	1.48–1.63	915	35.0	2.12	1.87–2.40	3334	907.9	1.43	1.36–1.51
6.68–12.56	3918	138.7	1.67	1.59–1.76	970	37.9	2.30	2.04–2.59	2948	971.9	1.45	1.37–1.51
>12.56	5391	126.9	1.53	1.46–1.60	1272	31.7	1.92	1.72–2.15	4119	913.4	1.44	1.37–1.52

^aDeaths with unknown age = 3 White, 1 Black, 2 mixed, 1 unknown race.

ASR, age-standardized rate; RR, rate ratio.