Table 3.
Effect of adding individual ultrasound variables to the baseline Cox proportional hazards model
| Ultrasound variable | Hazard ratio1 | 95% CI | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total brachial reactivity (%) | 0.98 | 0.95–1.01 | 0.206 |
| Large artery elasticity index | 0.99 | 0.94–1.03 | 0.463 |
| Small artery elasticity index | 0.91 | 0.82–1.02 | 0.101 |
| Total vascular impedance | 1.00 | 1.00–1.00 | 0.745 |
| Carotid distensibility coefficient (×100) | 0.05 | 0.00−0.75 | 0.030 |
| Carotid Youngs modulus | 1.00 | 1.00–1.00 | 0.752 |
| Common CIMT (mm) | 0.92 | 0.33–2.53 | 0.871 |
| Internal CIMT (mm) | 1.17 | 0.90–1.53 | 0.244 |
| Z-score for maximum IMT | 1.07 | 1.21–3.27 | 0.463 |
| Maximum carotid stenosis (0–24 vs.<25%) | 1.98 | 1.29−3.04 | 0.002 |
| Carotid plaque surface irregularity | 0.97 | 0.90–1.04 | 0.353 |
| Carotid plaque echotexture | 1.12 | 0.96–1.30 | 0.146 |
Italicized variables are statistically significant. CIMT, carotid intima-media thickness.
1
Adjusted for baseline age, diabetes, hypertension, total cholesterol, smoking, and systolic blood pressure ≥160 mm Hg.