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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Res Aging. 2020 Jan 21;42(5-6):139–149. doi: 10.1177/0164027519899576

Table 1.

Demographic Characteristics of Adult Children and Parents, and Test of Differences between Fathers and Mothers

Adult Children
(N = 601)
Fathers
(n = 302)
Mothers
(n = 511)
Difference test

M (SD) M (SD) M (SD) tc
Age 50.71 (4.97) 77.84 (6.67) 76.73 (6.76) 2.28*
Educationa 2.20 (1.12) 2.53 (1.18) 2.34 (0.93) 0.98

Proportions Proportions Proportions χd

Female 52.41% - - -
Whiteb 64.06% - - -
Married 70.72% 69.54% 37.96% 75.68***

Notes. M = mean; SD = standard deviation.

a

Education level for adult children, 0 = less than high school to 4 = post graduate; education level for parents, 1 = less than high school to 5 = post graduate.

b

Adult children were not asked to provide racial information of their parents.

c

Independent sample t-test of difference.

d

Chi-square test of difference.

*

p < .05.

***

p < .001.