Table 1.
Participant demographics and baseline clinical characteristics
| Sample 1 (N = 88) | Sample 2 (N = 71) | Pooled (N = 159) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age (years) | 18.5 (0.7)a | 24.2 (2.9)b | 21.0 (3.5) |
| Sex (% female) | 67.0%a | 49.3%b | 59.1% |
| Ethnicity (% Hispanic) | 35.2%a | 31.0%a | 33.3% |
| Education level (years) | 12.9 (1.3)a | 16.1 (1.9)b | 14.3 (2.3) |
| Race | |||
| White | 60.2%a | 57.7%a | 59.1% |
| Black | 8.0%a | 4.2%a | 6.3% |
| Asian | 8.0%a | 14.1%a | 10.7% |
| American Indian or Alaskan Native | 4.5%a | 1.4%a | 3.1% |
| Biracial, other or unknown | 19.4%a | 22.5%a | 20.8% |
| SCID diagnoses | |||
| Current major depressive disorder | 5.7%a | 6.9%a | 6.3% |
| Current generalized anxiety disorder | 5.7%a | 9.7%a | 7.5% |
| Current social anxiety disorder | 12.6%a | 1.4%b | 7.5% |
| Current panic disorder | 2.3%a | 0.0%b | 1.3% |
| Current specific phobia | 1.1%a | 1.4%a | 1.3% |
| Current post-traumatic stress disorder | 3.4%a | 1.4%a | 2.5% |
| Current eating disorder | 0.0%a | 2.6%b | 1.3% |
| Current alcohol use disorder | 0.0%a | 39.1%b | 19.5% |
| Lifetime major depressive disorder | 34.5%a | 26.4%b | 30.8% |
| Lifetime generalized anxiety disorder | 9.2%a | 15.3%a | 11.9% |
| Lifetime social anxiety disorder | 16.1%a | 2.8%b | 10.1% |
| Lifetime panic disorder | 5.7%a | 6.9%a | 6.3% |
| Lifetime-specific phobia | 2.3%a | 1.4%a | 1.9% |
| Lifetime post-traumatic stress disorder | 10.3%a | 2.8%b | 6.9% |
| Lifetime eating disorder | 0.0%a | 5.6%b | 2.5% |
| Lifetime alcohol use disorder | 0.0%a | 56.6%b | 28.3% |
| Substance use | |||
| No. of drinks per week in the past month | 0.7 (2.0)a | 8.1 (6.7)b | 4.1 (6.0) |
| No. of binges in the past month | 0.1 (0.3)a | 2.1 (2.7)b | 1.0 (2.1) |
| Daily cigarette smoker (yes/no) | 0.0%a | 0.0%a | 0.0% |
| No. of cigarettes smoked in the past month | 1.3 (5.6)a | 0.2 (1.7)b | 0.8 (4.3) |
| Used cannabis in the past month (yes/no) | 20.7%a | 11.1%b | 16.4% |
| No. of times used cannabis in the past month | 0.7 (3.4)a | 0.2 (0.6)b | 0.5 (2.5) |
| Used other illicit drugsa in the past month (yes/no) | 2.7%a | 4.6%b | 3.8% |
| No. of times used other illicit drugs in the past month | 0.07 (0.08)a | 0.04 (0.27)b | 0.03 (0.02) |
| Clinical variables | |||
| AUDIT | 3.0 (3.1)a | 7.0 (4.7)b | 4.8 (4.3) |
| IDAS-II General Depression | 41.0 (11.9)a | 35.0 (11.0)b | 38.3 (11.8) |
| IDAS-II Anxiety | 8.6 (2.6)a | 6.9 (1.5)b | 7.8 (2.3) |
Note: Means (and s.d.) or percentages with different subscripts across rows were significantly different in pairwise comparisons (P < 0.05, chi-square test for categorical variables and Tukey’s honestly significant test for continuous variables).
AUDIT, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test; IDAS-II, Inventory for Depression and Anxiety Symptoms-II; SCID, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5.
a
Other illicit drugs refers to any illicit drug other than cannabis (e.g. cocaine, heroin and nonmedical prescription medications).