Table 1A.

Study entry criteria

Inclusion:

• Age over 21.

• Smoking history > 30 pack years.

Exclusion:

• Inability to provide informed consent (e.g. cognitive impairment, severe psychiatric disorders).

• Hypersensitivity to grapes and related products.

• Liver dysfunction (abnormal liver function tests).

• Renal dysfunction (abnormal serum creatinine).

• End stage respiratory disease (FEV1<0.8 liters, resting or exertional hypoxemia, to select patients with adequate reserve to undergo bronchoscopy and complete the study).

• Unstable angina.

• Malignancy within 5 years, excluding non-melanoma type skin cancer or stage I NSCLC post curative resection without evidence of recurrence.

• Pregnancy.

• Systemic corticoid steroid therapy.

• Coagulopathy.

• Concurrent use of grapes or grape related products.

• Unwilling to refrain from drinking more than 1 glass of wine a day.

• Patients with concurrent medical conditions that may interfere with completion of tests, therapy, or the follow up schedule.