Table 5.

Effects of chronic alcohol exposure on histone methylation mechanism.

Study	Species	Exp.	Region	Genes	Mark(s)	Findings
(Barbier et al., 2017)	C57Bl/6	Vapor	dmPFC	HTS	H3K9me1	- Decreased Prdm2 and H3K9me1
						- Knockdown of PRDM2 increases alcohol self-administration
(Johnstone et al., 2019)	Wistar rats	Vapor	NAc, PFC, DS, Cereb.	HTS	H3K27me3	- Increased KDM6B, decreased H3K27ac in NAc
						- Differentially expressed genes identified by H3K27me3 ChIP-seq in NAc involved in immune signaling pathways
(Johnstone et al., 2019)	Human		NAc	KDM6B		- KDM6B increased in human alcoholics in the NAc
(Hashimoto et al., 2017)	WP and WSP mice	Vapor	PFC	HTS		- Multiple changes in chromatin modifying enzymes due to strain and alcohol exposure
(Ponomarev et al., 2012)	Human		CeA, BLA, superior frontal cortex	HTS	H3K4me3, H3K4me2, H3K4me1	- MLL, MLL4, and SETD1A upregulated in all three brain regions and increase of H3K4me3
(Zhou et al., 2011)	Human		Hipp,	HTS	H3K4me3	- Differences in H3K4me3 in AUD at 729 gene promoters

Abbreviations, WP = withdrawal protective, and WSP = withdrawal seizure prone, vapor = ethanol vapor, CeA = central nucleus of the amygdala, MeA = medial nucleus of the amygdala, BLA = basolateral nucleus of the amygdala, dmPFC = dorsomedial PFC, cereb = cerebellum, DS = dorsal striatum, hipp = hippocampus, HTS = high throughput sequencing