Table 2.

Summary of microglial polarization in neurological disorders.

Neurological disorders	The function of polarized microglia	Model	Drugs (M2→M1)
Alzheimer’s disease (AD)	M1 phenotypic inhibits Aβ clearance, while M2 phenotypic enhances Aβ clearance.	Mouse model	DSP-8658 Bexarotene
Parkinson’s disease (PD)	Dopaminergic degeneration is associated with microglial polarization.	Mouse model	Rosiglitazone
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)	Elimination of apoptotic cells, production of growth factors, maintenance of synapse structure and function are the main function of microglia.	Mouse model	Minocycline Rho kinase inhibitor[114] Hirsutella sinensis
Huntington’s disease (HD)	Microglial polarization affects striatal neuronal dysfunction.	Mouse model	Minocycline
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)	M1 microglia have a greater antigen presenting ability, leading to demyelination and neurodegeneration. While M2 microglia protect oligodendrocytes and neurons from damage and ameliorate disease severity.	Clinical phase IIb	Anti-pathogenic human endogenous retrovirus type W envelope protein (pHERV-W ENV)
Neurological disorders	The function of polarized microglia	Model	Drugs (M2→M1)