Table 4.
Propensity score adjusted changes in Fruit and Vegetable (FV) intake, skin carotenoids, and sugary beverage intake over time, with propensity scores, and using only customers from the six stores with data for multiple years. These models are adjusted for age, gender, race, education, employment, income, and shopping frequency, except when stratified by shopping frequency
| Outcome | HFSRP | Year | Overall effects | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | Year | HFSRP | Year x HFSRP | ||
| AMONG ALL CUSTOMERS (n = 1222): | Means (SE) | P (df = 3) | P (df = 1) | P (df = 3) | ||||
| National Cancer Institute FV Screener,21 servings/day N = 1172 | No | 3.5 (0.33) | 3.3 (0.36) | 3.4 (0.35) | 4.1 (0.36) | 0.958 | 0.222 | 0.050 |
| Yes | 3.4 (0.38) | 3.2 (0.37) | 3.3 (0.36) | 2.7 (0.37) | ||||
| p-net | 0.875 | 0.912 | 0.034 | |||||
| 2-item screener, FV servings/day20 | No | 3.9 (0.29) | 3.1 (0.31) | 3.4 (0.31) | 3.4 (0.31) | 0.046 | 0.341 | 0.220 |
| N = 1185 | Yes | 3.6 (0.32) | 3.2 (0.32) | 4.3 (0.31) | 3.8 (0.31) | |||
| p-net | 0.444 | 0.040 | 0.193 | |||||
| Veggie Meter® skin carotenoid score | No | 228.2 (7.22) | 239.7 (7.53) | 227.8 (7.37) | 218.7 (7.40) | 0.159 | 0.383 | 0.186 |
| N = 1167 | Yes | 239.6 (7.76) | 228.1 (7.87) | 242.9 (7.47) | 226.8 (7.49) | |||
| p-net | 0.078 | 0.784 | 0.794 | |||||
| Sugary beverage servings/day | No | 2.0 (0.22) | 2.0 (0.24) | 1.7 (0.24) | 1.6 (0.24) | 0.189 | 0.498 | 0.944 |
| N = 1203 | Yes | 1.7 (0.26) | 1.8 (0.26) | 1.6 (0.25) | 1.5 (0.25) | |||
| p-net | 0.838 | 0.576 | 0.616 | |||||
| AMONG CUSTOMERS WHO SHOPPED IN THE STORE 1–2 TIMES/WEEK OR LESS (n = 458) | ||||||||
| National Cancer Institute FV Screener, 21 servings/day N = 430 | No | 3.6 (0.50) | 2.5 (0.66) | 2.9 (0.50) | 4.2 (0.53) | 0.175 | 0.995 | 0.015 |
| Yes | 3.5 (0.45) | 4.1 (0.43) | 2.7 (0.45) | 2.9 (0.44) | ||||
| p-net | 0.057 | 0.978 | 0.129 | |||||
| 2-item screener, FV servings/day20 | No | 4.2 (0.51) | 3. 6 (0.67) | 3.3 (0.50) | 4.4 (0.49) | 0.197 | 0.180 | 0.253 |
| N = 442 | Yes | 3.8 (0.41) | 3.7 (0.38) | 4.7 (0.42) | 4.8 (0.39) | |||
| p-net | 0.589 | 0.048 | 0.326 | |||||
| Veggie Meter® skin carotenoid score | No | 253.8 (12.7) | 245.4 (16.9) | 237.4 (12.3) | 226.6 (12.5) | 0.261 | 0.619 | 0.663 |
| N = 429 | Yes | 245.6 (10.8) | 225.0 (10.8) | 239.9 (11.1) | 232.9 (10.6) | |||
| p-net | 0.592 | 0.610 | 0.479 | |||||
| Sugary beverage servings/day | No | 1.7 (0.31) | 1.7 (0.41) | 1.1 (0.30) | 1.2 (0.30) | 0.805 | 0.285 | 0.261 |
| N = 444 | Yes | 1.2 (0.26) | 0.9 (0.25) | 1.2 (0.27) | 1.4 (0.25) | |||
| p-net | 0.731 | 0.240 | 0.149 | |||||
| AMONG CUSTOMERS WHO SHOPPED IN THE STORE 3–6 TIMES/WEEK OR MORE (n = 764) | ||||||||
| National Cancer Institute FV Screener,21 servings/day | No | 3.5 (0.43) | 3.4 (0.45) | 3.7 (0.47) | 3.9 (0.47) | 0.245 | 0.173 | 0.322 |
| N = 709 | Yes | 3.2 (0.55) | 2.2 (0.58) | 3.7 (0.53) | 2.7 (0.54) | |||
| p-net | 0.288 | 0.737 | 0.266 | |||||
| 2-item screener, FV servings/day20 | No | 3.9 (0.34) | 3.0 (0.33) | 3.6 (0.36) | 3.0 (0.35) | 0.046 | 0.888 | 0.634 |
| N = 709 | Yes | 3.3 (0.42) | 2.9 (0.44) | 3. 9 (0.40) | 3.2 (0.40) | |||
| p-net | 0.547 | 0.221 | 0.314 | |||||
| Veggie Meter®, skin carotenoid score | No | 217.6 (9.8) | 234.2 (10.3) | 222.7 (10.8) | 213.5 (10.7) | 0.097 | 0.274 | 0.549 |
| N = 706 | Yes | 238.5 (12.7) | 237.4 (13.3) | 246.5 (12.2) | 219.6 (12.5) | |||
| p-net | 0.316 | 0.875 | 0.419 | |||||
| Sugary beverage servings/day | No | 2.2 (0.28) | 2.1 (0.30) | 1.9 (0.31) | 1.8 (0.31) | 0.026 | 0.810 | 0.286 |
| N = 725 | Yes | 2.2 (0.37) | 2.5 (0.38) | 1.7 (0.36) | 1.3 (0.36) | |||
| p-net | 0.281 | 0.793 | 0.397 | |||||