Adjustments |
Coping strategies used |
General |
General or non-specific |
Coping with the disease |
(n = 77) |
to deal with the |
(n = 10) |
coping strategies |
|
disruptions caused |
Medication |
(Adjusting to) the use |
Dealing with the unpredictable effects |
|
by Parkinson’s |
(n = 9) |
of antiparkinsonian agents |
of medication; considering medicine |
|
disease |
Physical exercise |
Using physical exercise |
Staying active; putting physical |
|
|
(n = 2) |
as a means to cope with PD |
exercise into practice |
|
|
Planning for the future |
Plans and hopes for |
Treatment choices in the |
|
|
(n = 4) |
future treatment of PD |
future; envisioning a future |
|
|
Problems |
Difficulties in coping with PD |
Crumbling managing strategies |
|
|
(n = 11) |
|
and routines; coping fatigue |
|
|
Psychological strategies |
Attitudinal adjustments or rhetorical |
Maintaining a positive outlook; |
|
|
(n = 13) |
strategies employed to cope with PD |
using downward comparison |
|
|
Routines |
Behavioral patterns developed |
Managing time and energy; |
|
|
(n = 19) |
to cope with PD |
to be foreseeing and plan |
|
|
Social strategies |
Modifications in social interactions |
Concealing oneself from |
|
|
(n = 7) |
employed to cope with PD |
others; social disclosure |
|
|
Spirituality |
Religious or meta-physical cognitions |
Surrendering to a higher |
|
|
(n = 2) |
meant to cope with PD |
power to weather the storm |
Awareness |
The level of awareness |
Emerging Symptoms |
Awareness of the development of physical |
Noticing something is different |
(n = 17) |
of symptoms and |
(n = 2) |
or cognitive symptoms consistent |
|
knowledge about PD |
|
with the diagnosis of PD |
|
|
Cognizance |
Recognition of (the implications of) emerging |
Interpreting the symptoms |
|
|
(n = 12) |
symptoms and/ or the attendant diagnosis of PD |
|
|
Ignorance |
Unawareness of (the implications of) emerging |
Ignorance about the symptoms |
|
|
(n = 3) |
symptoms and/ or the attendant diagnosis of PD |
Disruption |
Disruptions due to |
Mental symptoms |
Cognitive deterioration or |
Mental alterations |
(n = 35) |
symptoms, limitations |
(n = 4) |
psychological alterations |
|
or negative emotions |
Negative affect and |
Fears, anxieties, depressed mood or |
Fears and uncertainty about the future |
|
or thoughts |
cognitions |
ruminations arising from PD |
|
|
(n = 10) |
|
|
Physical incompetence |
Loss of physical functioning |
Being constrained in daily life |
|
|
(n = 15) |
|
|
Physical symptoms |
Physical motor and non-motor |
Loss of control over limb movements |
|
|
(n = 6) |
symptoms of PD |
External |
The personal context |
Health care support |
Health care for PD |
Accessibility to health care |
environment |
that impacts the |
(n = 8) |
(n = 44) |
experience of |
Professional changes |
Changes or termination of |
Early retirement or involuntary |
|
living with PD, or is |
(n = 4) |
employment due to PD |
loss of employment |
|
changed due to PD |
Social changes |
Changes in socialization patterns or |
Compromised social participation |
|
|
(n = 13) |
relationships due to PD |
|
|
Social support |
Benefits arising from social connections |
Feelings of comfort with social contacts |
|
|
(n = 9) |
|
|
Stigma &shame |
Negative affect relating to PD that stymies |
Stigma and other feelings about PD |
|
|
(n = 10) |
social or professional interaction |
The changing |
Changes of body-image, |
Perceiving the body |
Sensory experiences of the body |
Controlled by or controlling the body |
self |
self-image and identity |
(n = 8) |
and attendant cognitions |
(n = 34) |
due to (the |
Reconstructing the self |
Re-articulating one’s self-concept to accord |
Forming new identities |
|
consequences of) PD |
(n = 11) |
with the constraints of life with PD |
|
|
Self-image and identity |
Cognitions about (aspects of) the self |
A sense of being deprived |
|
|
(n = 5) |
|
on one’s self-worth |
|
|
The eroding self |
Untenable beliefs about the self |
Becoming dependent on others for care |
|
|
(n = 8) |
|
|
The former self |
Past events and beliefs about the self |
Significant events |
|
|
(n = 2) |