Table 5.
Maternal & neonatal outcome of COVID-19 in pregnant women
| Clinical characteristic | Juan et al. [24] (n=324) | Galang et al. [25] (n=98) | Yoon et al. [26] (n=201) | Trippella et al. [27] (n=275) | Smith et al. [28] (n=92) | Events number | Total number | Overall percent |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Symptoms of COVID-19 in pregnant women | ||||||||
| Fever | 138/295 (46.8) | 76/92 (83.0) | 85/201 (42.3) | 155/275 (58.0) | 57/92 (61.96) | 511 | 955 | 53.50 |
| Cough | 101/295 (34.2) | 34/66 (52.0) | 64/201 (31.8) | 95/275 (36.0) | 35/92 (38.04) | 329 | 929 | 35.41 |
| Malaise | 0 | 14/31 (45.0) | 18/95 (18.9) | 37/275 (14.0) | 25/82 (30.49) | 94 | 483 | 19.46 |
| Shortness of breath | 39/295 (13.2) | 12/47 (26.0) | 16/142 (11.3) | - | 10/83 (12.05) | 77 | 567 | 13.58 |
| Myalgia | 27/295 (9.2) | 5/21 (24.0) | 15/56 (21.4) | 37/275 (14.0) | 6/28 (21.4) | 90 | 675 | 13.33 |
| Diarrhea/GI symptoms | 11/295 (3.7) | 76/92 (83.0) | 10/134 (7.5) | 9/275 (3.0) | 4/38 (10.43) | 110 | 834 | 13.18 |
| Fatigue | 28/295 (9.5) | 7/29 (24.0) | - | 28/275 (10.0) | 25/82 (30.49) | 88 | 681 | 12.92 |
| Sore throat | 10/295 (3.4) | 1/24 (4.0) | 8/84 (9.5) | 9/275 (3.0) | 6/50 (12.0) | 34 | 728 | 4.67 |
| Hemogram findings of pregnant women with COVID-19 | ||||||||
| TLC (decreased) | 146/182 (80.2) | - | - | - | - | 146 | 182 | 80.2 |
| Lymphocytes (decreased) | 85/197 (43.1) | 27/50 (54.0) | 52/120 (43.3) | 31/108 (29.0) | 46/69 (66.67) | 241 | 544 | 44.30 |
| Thrombocytopenia | - | 8/18 (44.0) | 7/31 (22.6) | - | - | 15 | 49 | 30.61 |
| TLC (increased) | 4/19 (21.05) | 12/47 (26.0) | 28/89 (31.5) | - | - | 40 | 155 | 28.38 |
| Biochemical of pregnant women with COVID-19 | ||||||||
| Elevated CRP | 90/197 (45.7) | - | 65/103 (63.1) | 52/108 (48.0) | - | 207 | 408 | 50.73 |
| Elevated AST | 5/42 (11.9) | 7/28 (25.0) | - | 9/108 (8.0) | - | 21 | 178 | 11.79 |
| Elevated ALT | 5/42 (11.9) | 6/28 (21.0) | - | 9/108 (8.0) | - | 20 | 178 | 11.23 |
| Treatments of pregnant women with COVID-19 | ||||||||
| Antibiotics | 111/157 (70.7) | 46/49 (94.0) | - | - | - | 157 | 206 | 76.21 |
| Antivirals | 82/217 (37.8) | 43/57 (75.0) | - | - | - | 125 | 274 | 45.62 |
| Non-invasive mechanical ventilation | 21/170 (12.4) | - | 5/50 (10.0) | - | - | 26 | 220 | 11.81 |
| ICU admission | 12/253 (4.7) | - | 5/103 (4.3) | 10/275 (3.0) | - | 27 | 631 | 4.27 |
| Invasive mechanical ventilation | 3/170 (1.8) | - | - | 5/275 (2.0) | - | 8 | 445 | 1.79 |
| Maternal outcomes and complications | ||||||||
| Gestational age at delivery | 28-41 weeks | 37 | 30-41 weeks | 37 | 37 | - | - | - |
| Delivery at <37 weeks | 72/295 (24.4) | 35/94 (61.0) | 48/185 (25.94) | 48/208 (23.0) | 30/47 (63.8) | 233 | 829 | 28.10 |
| Caesarean delivery | 171/219 (78.1) | 72/84 (85.71) | 163/185 (88.10) | 179/239 (75.0) | 40/43 (93.0) | 553 | 691 | 77.07 |
| Vaginal delivery | 48/219 (21.9) | 12/84 (14.28) | 22/185 (11.89) | 60/239 (25.0) | 03/43 (6.97) | 133 | 691 | 21.93 |
| Maternal mortality | 0 | - | 1/100 (1.0) | 1/275 (0.03) | 0 | 2 | 375 | 0.53 |
| Neonatal outcomes of pregnancies with COVID-19 | ||||||||
| 1-minute Apgar score (>7) | All (100) | - | All (100) | 145/190 (97.0) | All (100) | - | - | - |
| 5-minutes Apgar score (>7) | All (100) | - | All (100) | 185/190 (76.0) | All (100) | - | - | - |
| Mean birth weight at term@term delivery | - | 3,250 | 1,880-4,050 | 2,913 | 9/21 (42.86) <2,500 |
- | - | - |
| Transferred-NICU | 49/173 (28.3) | - | - | - | 11/13 (76.92) | 60 | 186 | 32.25 |
| Neonatal asphyxia | 1/161 (0.6) | - | 1/177 (0.6) | - | - | 4 | 329 | 1.21 |
| COVID-19 infection | 3/155 | 1/24 | 4/201 | 16/248 | 1/37 | 25 | 665 | 3.75 |
Data are presented as number of patients (%) unless otherwise indicated.
COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; GI, gastro-intestinal; TLC, total leukocytes count; CRP, C-reactive protein; AST, aspartate transaminase; ALT, alanine transaminase; ICU, Intensive Care Unit; NICU, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.