TABLE 3.

Clinical characteristics and disease activity profile over 3 years classified according to Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) spirometric severity stage (II/III/IV)

	Alive at year 8	Died by year 8	p-value, alive versus died
GOLD II at baseline
Subjects	594	139
FEV1 decline mL·year−1	−33±48	−52±45	<0.001
Emphysema (PD15) decline g·L−1·year−1	−1.1±1.1	−1.1±1.1	0.861
SGRQ total score change to year 3	−0.6±12.4	2.7±13.8	0.011
6MWD change to year 3	0±85	−12±89	0.221
BODE index change to year 3	0.5±1.2	0.9±1.4	0.001
Subjects with COPD hospitalisation %	16	40	<0.001
GOLD III at baseline
Subjects	393	233
FEV1 decline mL·year−1	−32±41	−41±39	0.014
Emphysema (PD15) decline g·L−1·year−1	−1.2±0.9	−1.3±0.9	0.143
SGRQ total score change to year 3	0.5±12.4	5.2±14.4	<0.001
6MWD change to year 3	−19±102	−54±101	<0.001
BODE index change to year 3	0.3±1.5	0.9±1.7	<0.001
Subjects with COPD hospitalisation %	30	53	<0.001
GOLD IV at baseline
Subjects	77	96
FEV1 decline mL·year−1	−16±42	−33±31	0.003
Emphysema (PD15) decline g·L−1·year−1	−1.2±0.9	−1.3±0.8	0.492
SGRQ total score change to year 3	−0.7±14.0	2.3±10.1	0.128
6MWD change to year 3	−37±102	−48±112	0.576
BODE index change to year 3	0.4±1.6	0.5±1.4	0.556
Subjects with COPD hospitalisation %	43	62	0.012

Data are presented as n or mean±sd, unless otherwise stated. Participants are divided by survival status 5 years later (year 8 of observation). FEV₁: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; PD15: lowest 15th percentile density method; SGRQ: St George's Respiratory Questionnaire; 6MWD: 6-min walk distance; BODE: body mass index, obstruction, dyspnoea and exercise.