TABLE 4.

Overview of water channels with roles in the cell death and survival of upper gastrointestinal tract cancers.

Channels	Organ	Mechanism/pathway	Induction	References
AQP1	ESCC	Death receptor signaling pathway	siRNA technology	Yamazato et al., 2018
	GC	Apoptosis		Sun et al., 2016
AQP3	ESCC	FAK-MAPK signaling pathways	pan-AQP inhibitor, siRNA technology	Kusayama et al., 2011
	GC	miR-874	Overexpression vector	Jiang et al., 2014
	GC	miR-877	miRNA mimics	Zhu et al., 2020
AQP5	ESCC	p53	siRNA technology	Shimizu et al., 2014

ESCC, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; GC, gastric cancer.