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Ghrelin acylation and ghrelin receptor. The endocrine active form of ghrelin is produced by attaching an n-octanoyl group (usually 8 C) to serine at position 3 of the ghrelin molecule (blue arrow). This is done by the enzyme ghrelin-O-acyl-transferase (GOAT). Active acyl ghrelin acts on a receptor (blue arrow) expressed mainly in the pituitary and hypothalamus. This receptor is a G-protein-coupled receptor (GHSR-1a), and cannot be activated by des-acyl ghrelin.
