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. 2021 Mar 11;12:636403. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.636403

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Copyright © 2021 Devesa

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Mechanism of action of ghrelin in pituitary somatotrophs. After binding to a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPR) and activating it, the signaling pathways involve stimulation of phospholipase C (PLC) activity. This activation leads to the formation of inositol 1,4,5 triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG) (blue arrows). Both IP3 and DAG induce an increase in cytosolic calcium that allows GH release (yellow arrow), although activation of NOS/NO pathway is also required. In addition, the effect of ghrelin includes the activation of the transcription of the Na+ channel gene that leads to the expression of two isoforms of Na+: NAV1.1 and NAV1.2.