Table 2.

Human pathogenic viral outbreaks associated to fermented food ingestion.

Virus	Classification	Fermented food	Location	Identification method	Disorder	Reference
TBEV	Flavivirus	Goat cheese	Germany	RT-qPCR	Meningitis, meningoencephalitis, or meningoencephalomyelitis	Brockmann et al. (2018)
TBEV	Flavivirus	Goat cheese	Austria	Sample no longer available	Meningitis, meningoencephalitis, or meningoencephalomyelitis	Holzmann et al. (2009)
TBEV	Flavivirus	Goat cheese	Croatia	Sample no longer available, however goats tested positive	Meningitis, meningoencephalitis, or meningoencephalomyelitis	Markovinović et al. (2016)
VACV	Orthopoxvirus	Minas cheese	Brazil	qPCR	Skin lesions	de Oliveira et al. (2018)
HEV	Orthohepevirus	Figatelli	Southeastern	RT-PCR	Acute and chronic hepatitis, death	Colson et al. (2010)
HEV	Orthohepevirus	Raw pork sausage	Netherlands	RT-qPCR	Acute and chronic hepatitis	Boxman et al. (2020)
NoV	Calciviridae	Fermented oyster	South Korea	RT-PCR	Acute gastroenteritis	Cho et al. (2016)
NoV	Calciviridae	Kimchi	South Korea	RT-PCR	Acute gastroenteritis	Park et al. (2015)
RVA	Rotavirus	Minas frescal cheese	Brazil	qPCR	Acute gastroenteritis	de Castro Carvalho et al. (2020)
NiV	Henipavirus	Tari (fermented palm sap liquor)	Bangladesh	Sample no longer available	Encephalitis and death	Hossain et al. (2016)

Tick-borne encephalitis virus: TBEV; Vaccinia virus: VACV; Hepatitis E Virus: HEV; Norovirus: NoV; Rotavirus A: RVA; Bat Nipah virus: NiV.