. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Mar 25.

Published in final edited form as: J Fam Psychol. 2016 Apr 7;30(4):453–469. doi: 10.1037/fam0000191

Table 3.

Effect Sizes for Studies That Reported Effect Sizes Separately for Spanking and Physical Abuse

Study	Outcome	Predictor	d	95% Confidence interval


Lau et al. (2003)	child externalizing behavior problems	spanking	.15	−.30	.60
Lau et al. (2003)	child externalizing behavior problems	physical abuse	.65	.19	1.10
Lau et al. (2005)	child externalizing behavior problems	spanking	.19	.16	.22
Lau et al. (2005)	child externalizing behavior problems	physical abuse	.33	.30	.37
Bugental, Martorell, and Barraza (2003)	child mental health problems	spanking	1.23	.77	1.69
Bugental, Martorell, and Barraza (2003)	child mental health problems	physical abuse	.40	−.21	1.01
Lau et al. (2003)	child mental health problems	spanking	.42	−.03	.87
Lau et al. (2003)	child mental health problems	physical abuse	.62	.17	1.07
Lau et al. (2003)	child low self-esteem	spanking	.00	−.45	.45
Lau et al. (2003)	child low self-esteem	physical abuse	.37	−.08	.82
Fergusson et al. (2008)	adult antisocial behavior	spanking	.45	.33	.57
Fergusson et al. (2008)	adult antisocial behavior	physical abuse	.25	.13	.37
Lynch et al. (2006)	adult antisocial behavior	spanking	.10	.00	.20
Lynch et al. (2006)	adult antisocial behavior	physical abuse	.51	.41	.62
Fergusson et al. (2008)	adult mental health problems	spanking	.21	.09	.33
Fergusson et al. (2008)	adult mental health problems	physical abuse	.55	.43	.66
Miller-Perrin, Perrin, and Kocur (2009)	adult mental health problems	spanking	.04	−.55	.63
Miller-Perrin, Perrin, and Kocur (2009)	adult mental health problems	physical abuse	.58	−.01	1.17
Schweitzer, Zafar, Pavlicova, and Fallon (2011)	adult mental health problems	spanking	1.12	.38	1.86
Schweitzer, Zafar, Pavlicova, and Fallon (2011)	adult mental health problems	physical abuse	.96	.23	1.70
Overall		spanking	.25	.22	.27
Overall		physical abuse	.38	.29	.41