Appendix Exhibit C:

Median staff turnover by organizational characteristics, 2017-2018

Organizational Characteristic		No. of facilities	RN	LPN	CNA	Nurse Total
Profit	No	8818	81.77%	68.47%	83.50%	81.30%
	Yes	20679	110.35%	82.35%	102.69%	100.00%
	p-val		< 0.001****	< 0.001****	< 0.001****	< 0.001****
Chain-owned	No	12211	90.17%	70.78%	90.48%	87.82%
	Yes	17286	110.63%	83.51%	101.40%	99.18%
	p-val		< 0.001****	< 0.001****	< 0.001****	< 0.001****
Urban/Rural	Rural	8909	94.70%	70.95%	96.80%	92.40%
	Urban	20489	105.30%	81.29%	97.43%	95.78%
	p-val		< 0.001****	< 0.001****	0.648	< 0.001****
Medicaid	Q1	7377	91.94%	73.68%	93.30%	91.09%
	Q2	7379	100.80%	78.12%	98.01%	94.67%
	Q3	7396	105.31%	79.03%	98.60%	96.06%
	Q4	7345	110.67%	80.74%	99.10%	97.20%
	p-val		< 0.001****	< 0.001****	< 0.001****	< 0.001****
Medicare	Q1	7378	99.71%	79.23%	97.33%	95.14%
	Q2	7391	103.55%	80.67%	100.90%	97.55%
	Q3	7359	103.48%	76.52%	97.18%	94.21%
	Q4	7369	100.27%	76.48%	93.66%	92.36%
	p-val		< 0.0279**	0.0142**	< 0.001****	0.0014***
%<Poverty Rate	Q1	7431	94.56%	78.21%	91.61%	91.18%
	Q2	7584	99.88%	77.03%	95.38%	92.72%
	Q3	7119	103.23%	79.40%	101.42%	97.09%
	Q4	7363	110.37%	77.89%	99.76%	96.95%
	p-val		< 0.001****	0.557	< 0.001****	< 0.001****

Source: Authors’ analysis of data from the Payroll-Based Journal (PBJ), Brown University’s Long-Term Care Focus (LTCFocus), Certification and Survey Provider Enhanced Reports (CASPER), and U.S. Census Bureau’s Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE).

Notes:

CNA = certified nurse aide; LPN = licensed practical nurse; RN = registered nurse.

The p-values for comparing medians are computed using the Krukal-Wallis test, which assumes that the shapes of the distributions are identical.

The asterisks following the p-values indicate the levels of significance:

^*p<0.10

^**p<0.05

^***p<0.01

^****p<0.001.