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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Mar 25.
Published in final edited form as: Neuroimage. 2019 Dec 23;209:116476. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116476

Table 1.

Studies included in voxelwise meta-analysis of substance use risk.

Study Task Group Risk Type N Foci Foci Type N Subjects N Female Mean Age N Risk Subjects
Acheson et al. (2014a) C FH 14 Positive 52 35 23.78 28
Acheson et al. (2014b) C FH 36 Positive 104 51 12.9 72
Cservenka et al. (2012) C FH 4 Negative 35 14 14.09 19
Heitzeg et al. (2010b) C FH 5 ANOVA/F-Statistic 61 26 19.17 20 & 21
Mackiewicz Seghete et al. (2013) C FH 3 Positive & Negative 34 15 14.36 18
Norman et al. (2011) C PRO 16 Negative 38 19 13.68 21
Tervo-Clemmens et al. (2018) C PRO 11 ANOVA/F-Statistic 84 44 12.74 21
Wetherill et al. (2013) C PRO 6 ANOVA/F-Statistic 60 27 13.37 20 & 20
Cservenka et al. (2014) E FH 11 Negative 36 17 14.81 19
Hulvershorn et al. (2013) E FH 4 Positive 37 12 12.05 19
Peraza et al. (2015) E FH 1 Negative 29 12 13.7 14
Qiao et al. (2015) E FH 18 Positive 18 7 13.05 11
Cservenka and Nagel (2012) R FH 7 Positive & Negative 31 11 14.21 18
Hulvershorn et al. (2015) R FH 4 ANOVA/F-Statistic 50 22 12.08 23
Morales et al. (2018) R PRO 3 Positive 47 28 15.07 NA
Stice et al. (2013) R PRO 2 Positive 105 NA 15.3 25
Stice and Yokum (2014) R FH 11 Positive & Negative 52 27 14.8 26
Ivanov et al. (2012) R & C FH 7 Positive & Negative 20 2 10.54 10
Dager et al. (2013) SUS FH 10 Positive & Negative 65 25 19.3 10 & 11
Dager et al. (2014) SUS PRO 5 ANOVA/F-Statistic 43 23 18.48 14
Kareken et al. (2013) SUS FH 10 Positive & Negative 40 17 23.15 22
Nguyen-Louie et al. (2018)a SUS FH 2 ANOVA/F-Statistic 51 22 16.6 23
Totals/Weighted Means 190 1092 456 15.48 513

Note, Task Group: C, cognitive control tasks without reward or emotional manipulations; E, tasks using emotional stimuli and/or manipulations; R, tasks using rewards or motivational manipulations; SUS, tasks using substance use stimuli or substance use manipulations (see Supplemental S7 for task descriptions of all studies). Risk Type: PRO, prospective predictions of substance use initiation or escalation; FH, family history of substance use disorder. N Foci, number of contributed coordinates to meta-analysis. Foci Type: direction of activation difference with respect to risk group (Positive = risk group hyper-activation, Negative = risk group hypo-activation, ANOVA/F-Statistic = activation difference only/no-sign). NA, information not-available/not-reported. “&” denotes two groups/types reported in original study.

a

This study, where family history positive and family history negative subjects were prospectively followed, was coded as FH because the reported contrast was with respect to family history status (see Supplemental S13).